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IOPL(2)                       Linux Programmer's Manual                       IOPL(2)

NAME         top

       iopl - change I/O privilege level

SYNOPSIS         top

       #include <sys/io.h>

       int iopl(int level);

DESCRIPTION         top

       iopl() changes the I/O privilege level of the calling process, as specified in
       level.

       This call is necessary to allow 8514-compatible X servers to run under Linux.
       Since these X servers require access to all 65536 I/O ports, the ioperm(2)
       call is not sufficient.

       In addition to granting unrestricted I/O port access, running at a higher I/O
       privilege level also allows the process to disable interrupts.  This will
       probably crash the system, and is not recommended.

       Permissions are inherited by fork(2) and execve(2).

       The I/O privilege level for a normal process is 0.

       This call is mostly for the i386 architecture.  On many other architectures it
       does not exist or will always return an error.

RETURN VALUE         top

       On success, zero is returned.  On error, -1 is returned, and errno is set
       appropriately.

ERRORS         top

       EINVAL level is greater than 3.

       ENOSYS This call is unimplemented.

       EPERM  The calling process has insufficient privilege to call iopl(); the
              CAP_SYS_RAWIO capability is required.

CONFORMING TO         top

       iopl() is Linux-specific and should not be used in processes intended to be
       portable.

NOTES         top

       Libc5 treats it as a system call and has a prototype in <unistd.h>.  Glibc1
       does not have a prototype.  Glibc2 has a prototype both in <sys/io.h> and in
       <sys/perm.h>.  Avoid the latter, it is available on i386 only.

SEE ALSO         top

       ioperm(2), capabilities(7)

COLOPHON         top

       This page is part of release 3.32 of the Linux man-pages project.  A
       description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can be found
       at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.

Linux                                 2004-05-27                              IOPL(2)

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