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+.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved 
+.TH "GETPWNAM" 3P 2003 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
+.\" getpwnam 
+.SH PROLOG
+This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.
+The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult
+the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior),
+or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
+.SH NAME
+getpwnam, getpwnam_r \- search user database for a name
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.LP
+\fB#include <pwd.h>
+.br
+.sp
+struct passwd *getpwnam(const char *\fP\fIname\fP\fB);
+.br
+\fP
+.LP
+\fBint getpwnam_r(const char *\fP\fIname\fP\fB, struct passwd *\fP\fIpwd\fP\fB,
+char
+*\fP\fIbuffer\fP\fB,
+.br
+\ \ \ \ \ \  size_t\fP \fIbufsize\fP\fB, struct passwd **\fP\fIresult\fP\fB);
+\fP
+\fB
+.br
+\fP
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.LP
+The \fIgetpwnam\fP() function shall search the user database for an
+entry with a matching \fIname\fP.
+.LP
+The \fIgetpwnam\fP() function need not be reentrant. A function that
+is not required to be reentrant is not required to be
+thread-safe.
+.LP
+Applications wishing to check for error situations should set \fIerrno\fP
+to 0 before calling \fIgetpwnam\fP(). If
+\fIgetpwnam\fP() returns a null pointer and \fIerrno\fP is non-zero,
+an error occurred.
+.LP
+The \fIgetpwnam_r\fP() function shall update the \fBpasswd\fP structure
+pointed to by \fIpwd\fP and store a pointer to that
+structure at the location pointed to by \fIresult\fP. The structure
+shall contain an entry from the user database with a matching
+\fIname\fP. Storage referenced by the structure is allocated from
+the memory provided with the \fIbuffer\fP parameter, which is
+\fIbufsize\fP bytes in size. The maximum size needed for this buffer
+can be determined with the {_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX} \fIsysconf\fP()
+parameter. A NULL pointer shall be returned at the location pointed
+to by
+\fIresult\fP on error or if the requested entry is not found. 
+.SH RETURN VALUE
+.LP
+The \fIgetpwnam\fP() function shall return a pointer to a \fBstruct
+passwd\fP with the structure as defined in \fI<pwd.h>\fP with a matching
+entry if found. A null pointer shall be returned if the requested
+entry is not found, or an error occurs. On error, \fIerrno\fP shall
+be set to indicate the error.
+.LP
+The return value may point to a static area which is overwritten by
+a subsequent call to \fIgetpwent\fP(), \fIgetpwnam\fP(), or \fIgetpwuid\fP().
+.LP
+If successful, the \fIgetpwnam_r\fP() function shall return zero;
+otherwise, an error number shall be returned to indicate the
+error. 
+.SH ERRORS
+.LP
+The \fIgetpwnam\fP() and \fIgetpwnam_r\fP() functions may fail if:
+.TP 7
+.B EIO
+An I/O error has occurred.
+.TP 7
+.B EINTR
+A signal was caught during \fIgetpwnam\fP().
+.TP 7
+.B EMFILE
+{OPEN_MAX} file descriptors are currently open in the calling process.
+.TP 7
+.B ENFILE
+The maximum allowable number of files is currently open in the system.
+.sp
+.LP
+The \fIgetpwnam_r\fP() function may fail if:
+.TP 7
+.B ERANGE
+Insufficient storage was supplied via \fIbuffer\fP and \fIbufsize\fP
+to contain the data to be referenced by the resulting
+\fBpasswd\fP structure. 
+.sp
+.LP
+\fIThe following sections are informative.\fP
+.SH EXAMPLES
+.SS Getting an Entry for the Login Name
+.LP
+The following example uses the \fIgetlogin\fP() function to return
+the name of the
+user who logged in; this information is passed to the \fIgetpwnam\fP()
+function to get the user database entry for that user.
+.sp
+.RS
+.nf
+
+\fB#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <pwd.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+\&...
+char *lgn;
+struct passwd *pw;
+\&...
+if ((lgn = getlogin()) == NULL || (pw = getpwnam(lgn)) == NULL) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Get of user information failed.\\n"); exit(1);
+}
+\&...
+\fP
+.fi
+.RE
+.SH APPLICATION USAGE
+.LP
+Three names associated with the current process can be determined:
+\fIgetpwuid\fP( \fIgeteuid\fP()) returns the name associated with
+the effective user ID of the process; \fIgetlogin\fP() returns the
+name associated with the current login activity; and
+\fIgetpwuid\fP( \fIgetuid\fP()) returns the name associated with the
+real user ID of the
+process.
+.LP
+The \fIgetpwnam_r\fP() function is thread-safe and returns values
+in a user-supplied buffer instead of possibly using a static
+data area that may be overwritten by each call.
+.SH RATIONALE
+.LP
+None.
+.SH FUTURE DIRECTIONS
+.LP
+None.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.LP
+\fIgetpwuid\fP(), the Base Definitions volume of IEEE\ Std\ 1003.1-2001,
+\fI<limits.h>\fP, \fI<pwd.h>\fP, \fI<sys/types.h>\fP
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
+from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
+-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
+Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
+Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
+event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
+The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
+is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
+http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .