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+.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved 
+.TH "ASA" 1P 2003 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
+.\" asa 
+.SH PROLOG
+This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.
+The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult
+the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior),
+or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
+.SH NAME
+asa \- interpret carriage-control characters
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.LP
+\fBasa\fP \fB[\fP \fIfile\fP \fB...\fP \fB]\fP\fB\fP
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.LP
+The \fIasa\fP utility shall write its input files to standard output,
+mapping carriage-control characters from the text files
+to line-printer control sequences in an implementation-defined manner.
+.LP
+The first character of every line shall be removed from the input,
+and the following actions are performed.
+.LP
+If the character removed is:
+.TP 7
+<space>
+The rest of the line is output without change.
+.TP 7
+0
+A <newline> is output, then the rest of the input line.
+.TP 7
+1
+One or more implementation-defined characters that causes an advance
+to the next page shall be output, followed by the rest of
+the input line.
+.TP 7
+\fB+\fP
+The <newline> of the previous line shall be replaced with one or more
+implementation-defined characters that causes
+printing to return to column position 1, followed by the rest of the
+input line. If the \fB'+'\fP is the first character in the
+input, it shall be equivalent to <space>.
+.sp
+.LP
+The action of the \fIasa\fP utility is unspecified upon encountering
+any character other than those listed above as the first
+character in a line.
+.SH OPTIONS
+.LP
+None.
+.SH OPERANDS
+.TP 7
+\fIfile\fP
+A pathname of a text file used for input. If no \fIfile\fP operands
+are specified, the standard input shall be used.
+.sp
+.SH STDIN
+.LP
+The standard input shall be used only if no \fIfile\fP operands are
+specified; see the INPUT FILES section.
+.SH INPUT FILES
+.LP
+The input files shall be text files.
+.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
+.LP
+The following environment variables shall affect the execution of
+\fIasa\fP:
+.TP 7
+\fILANG\fP
+Provide a default value for the internationalization variables that
+are unset or null. (See the Base Definitions volume of
+IEEE\ Std\ 1003.1-2001, Section 8.2, Internationalization Variables
+for
+the precedence of internationalization variables used to determine
+the values of locale categories.)
+.TP 7
+\fILC_ALL\fP
+If set to a non-empty string value, override the values of all the
+other internationalization variables.
+.TP 7
+\fILC_CTYPE\fP
+Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes
+of text data as characters (for example, single-byte as
+opposed to multi-byte characters in arguments and input files).
+.TP 7
+\fILC_MESSAGES\fP
+Determine the locale that should be used to affect the format and
+contents of diagnostic messages written to standard
+error.
+.TP 7
+\fINLSPATH\fP
+Determine the location of message catalogs for the processing of \fILC_MESSAGES
+\&.\fP 
+.sp
+.SH ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS
+.LP
+Default.
+.SH STDOUT
+.LP
+The standard output shall be the text from the input file modified
+as described in the DESCRIPTION section.
+.SH STDERR
+.LP
+None.
+.SH OUTPUT FILES
+.LP
+None.
+.SH EXTENDED DESCRIPTION
+.LP
+None.
+.SH EXIT STATUS
+.LP
+The following exit values shall be returned:
+.TP 7
+\ 0
+All input files were output successfully.
+.TP 7
+>0
+An error occurred.
+.sp
+.SH CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS
+.LP
+Default.
+.LP
+\fIThe following sections are informative.\fP
+.SH APPLICATION USAGE
+.LP
+None.
+.SH EXAMPLES
+.IP " 1." 4
+The following command:
+.sp
+.RS
+.nf
+
+\fBasa\fP \fIfile\fP
+.fi
+.RE
+.LP
+permits the viewing of \fIfile\fP (created by a program using FORTRAN-style
+carriage-control characters) on a terminal.
+.LP
+.IP " 2." 4
+The following command:
+.sp
+.RS
+.nf
+
+\fBa.out | asa | lp
+\fP
+.fi
+.RE
+.LP
+formats the FORTRAN output of \fBa.out\fP and directs it to the printer.
+.LP
+.SH RATIONALE
+.LP
+The \fIasa\fP utility is needed to map "standard" FORTRAN 77 output
+into a form acceptable to contemporary printers. Usually,
+\fIasa\fP is used to pipe data to the \fIlp\fP utility; see \fIlp\fP.
+.LP
+This utility is generally used only by FORTRAN programs. The standard
+developers decided to retain \fIasa\fP to avoid breaking
+the historical large base of FORTRAN applications that put carriage-control
+characters in their output files. There is no
+requirement that a system have a FORTRAN compiler in order to run
+applications that need \fIasa\fP.
+.LP
+Historical implementations have used an ASCII <form-feed> in response
+to a 1 and an ASCII <carriage-return> in
+response to a \fB'+'\fP . It is suggested that implementations treat
+characters other than 0, 1, and \fB'+'\fP as
+<space> in the absence of any compelling reason to do otherwise. However,
+the action is listed here as "unspecified",
+permitting an implementation to provide extensions to access fast
+multiple-line slewing and channel seeking in a non-portable
+manner.
+.SH FUTURE DIRECTIONS
+.LP
+None.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.LP
+\fIfort77\fP, \fIlp\fP
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
+from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
+-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
+Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
+Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
+event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
+The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
+is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
+http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .