diff options
| author | Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> | 2012-12-18 16:43:11 -0800 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> | 2012-12-18 16:43:11 -0800 |
| commit | 9d9711544dc3090db6e5c52f9ce9c300bf4f5c14 (patch) | |
| tree | 23257b9801739fd96c9e82ef98a17500dce9f88e /gittutorial-2.html | |
| parent | 9629d4f49e5ffcff5c5beb5c40bedcffcabcd905 (diff) | |
| download | git-htmldocs-9d9711544dc3090db6e5c52f9ce9c300bf4f5c14.tar.gz | |
Autogenerated HTML docs for v1.8.1-rc2-5-g252f9
Diffstat (limited to 'gittutorial-2.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | gittutorial-2.html | 490 |
1 files changed, 333 insertions, 157 deletions
diff --git a/gittutorial-2.html b/gittutorial-2.html index ae3b6fdb6..b8bf93528 100644 --- a/gittutorial-2.html +++ b/gittutorial-2.html @@ -2,15 +2,25 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
<head>
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
-<meta name="generator" content="AsciiDoc 8.5.2" />
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="application/xhtml+xml; charset=UTF-8" />
+<meta name="generator" content="AsciiDoc 8.6.8" />
<title>gittutorial-2(7)</title>
<style type="text/css">
-/* Debug borders */
-p, li, dt, dd, div, pre, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
-/*
- border: 1px solid red;
-*/
+/* Shared CSS for AsciiDoc xhtml11 and html5 backends */
+
+/* Default font. */
+body {
+ font-family: Georgia,serif;
+}
+
+/* Title font. */
+h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,
+div.title, caption.title,
+thead, p.table.header,
+#toctitle,
+#author, #revnumber, #revdate, #revremark,
+#footer {
+ font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
}
body {
@@ -35,13 +45,8 @@ strong { color: #083194;
}
-tt {
- color: navy;
-}
-
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
color: #527bbd;
- font-family: sans-serif;
margin-top: 1.2em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
line-height: 1.3;
@@ -59,9 +64,11 @@ h3 { h3 + * {
clear: left;
}
+h5 {
+ font-size: 1.0em;
+}
div.sectionbody {
- font-family: serif;
margin-left: 0;
}
@@ -77,45 +84,48 @@ p { ul, ol, li > p {
margin-top: 0;
}
+ul > li { color: #aaa; }
+ul > li > * { color: black; }
-pre {
+.monospaced, code, pre {
+ font-family: "Courier New", Courier, monospace;
+ font-size: inherit;
+ color: navy;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
-span#author {
+
+#author {
color: #527bbd;
- font-family: sans-serif;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1.1em;
}
-span#email {
+#email {
}
-span#revnumber, span#revdate, span#revremark {
- font-family: sans-serif;
+#revnumber, #revdate, #revremark {
}
-div#footer {
- font-family: sans-serif;
+#footer {
font-size: small;
border-top: 2px solid silver;
padding-top: 0.5em;
margin-top: 4.0em;
}
-div#footer-text {
+#footer-text {
float: left;
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
}
-div#footer-badges {
+#footer-badges {
float: right;
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
}
-div#preamble {
+#preamble {
margin-top: 1.5em;
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
-div.tableblock, div.imageblock, div.exampleblock, div.verseblock,
+div.imageblock, div.exampleblock, div.verseblock,
div.quoteblock, div.literalblock, div.listingblock, div.sidebarblock,
div.admonitionblock {
margin-top: 1.0em;
@@ -135,7 +145,6 @@ div.content { /* Block element content. */ /* Block element titles. */
div.title, caption.title {
color: #527bbd;
- font-family: sans-serif;
font-weight: bold;
text-align: left;
margin-top: 1.0em;
@@ -157,13 +166,15 @@ div.content + div.title { div.sidebarblock > div.content {
background: #ffffee;
- border: 1px solid silver;
+ border: 1px solid #dddddd;
+ border-left: 4px solid #f0f0f0;
padding: 0.5em;
}
div.listingblock > div.content {
- border: 1px solid silver;
- background: #f4f4f4;
+ border: 1px solid #dddddd;
+ border-left: 5px solid #f0f0f0;
+ background: #f8f8f8;
padding: 0.5em;
}
@@ -171,8 +182,8 @@ div.quoteblock, div.verseblock { padding-left: 1.0em;
margin-left: 1.0em;
margin-right: 10%;
- border-left: 5px solid #dddddd;
- color: #777777;
+ border-left: 5px solid #f0f0f0;
+ color: #888;
}
div.quoteblock > div.attribution {
@@ -180,8 +191,9 @@ div.quoteblock > div.attribution { text-align: right;
}
-div.verseblock > div.content {
- white-space: pre;
+div.verseblock > pre.content {
+ font-family: inherit;
+ font-size: inherit;
}
div.verseblock > div.attribution {
padding-top: 0.75em;
@@ -254,35 +266,12 @@ div.compact div, div.compact div { margin-bottom: 0.1em;
}
-div.tableblock > table {
- border: 3px solid #527bbd;
-}
-thead, p.table.header {
- font-family: sans-serif;
- font-weight: bold;
-}
tfoot {
font-weight: bold;
}
td > div.verse {
white-space: pre;
}
-p.table {
- margin-top: 0;
-}
-/* Because the table frame attribute is overriden by CSS in most browsers. */
-div.tableblock > table[frame="void"] {
- border-style: none;
-}
-div.tableblock > table[frame="hsides"] {
- border-left-style: none;
- border-right-style: none;
-}
-div.tableblock > table[frame="vsides"] {
- border-top-style: none;
- border-bottom-style: none;
-}
-
div.hdlist {
margin-top: 0.8em;
@@ -339,25 +328,32 @@ span.footnote, span.footnoteref { min-width: 100px;
}
+div.colist td {
+ padding-right: 0.5em;
+ padding-bottom: 0.3em;
+ vertical-align: top;
+}
+div.colist td img {
+ margin-top: 0.3em;
+}
@media print {
- div#footer-badges { display: none; }
+ #footer-badges { display: none; }
}
-div#toc {
+#toc {
margin-bottom: 2.5em;
}
-div#toctitle {
+#toctitle {
color: #527bbd;
- font-family: sans-serif;
font-size: 1.1em;
font-weight: bold;
margin-top: 1.0em;
margin-bottom: 0.1em;
}
-div.toclevel1, div.toclevel2, div.toclevel3, div.toclevel4 {
+div.toclevel0, div.toclevel1, div.toclevel2, div.toclevel3, div.toclevel4 {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
@@ -373,69 +369,173 @@ div.toclevel4 { margin-left: 6em;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
-/* Overrides for manpage documents */
-h1 {
- padding-top: 0.5em;
- padding-bottom: 0.5em;
- border-top: 2px solid silver;
- border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
+
+span.aqua { color: aqua; }
+span.black { color: black; }
+span.blue { color: blue; }
+span.fuchsia { color: fuchsia; }
+span.gray { color: gray; }
+span.green { color: green; }
+span.lime { color: lime; }
+span.maroon { color: maroon; }
+span.navy { color: navy; }
+span.olive { color: olive; }
+span.purple { color: purple; }
+span.red { color: red; }
+span.silver { color: silver; }
+span.teal { color: teal; }
+span.white { color: white; }
+span.yellow { color: yellow; }
+
+span.aqua-background { background: aqua; }
+span.black-background { background: black; }
+span.blue-background { background: blue; }
+span.fuchsia-background { background: fuchsia; }
+span.gray-background { background: gray; }
+span.green-background { background: green; }
+span.lime-background { background: lime; }
+span.maroon-background { background: maroon; }
+span.navy-background { background: navy; }
+span.olive-background { background: olive; }
+span.purple-background { background: purple; }
+span.red-background { background: red; }
+span.silver-background { background: silver; }
+span.teal-background { background: teal; }
+span.white-background { background: white; }
+span.yellow-background { background: yellow; }
+
+span.big { font-size: 2em; }
+span.small { font-size: 0.6em; }
+
+span.underline { text-decoration: underline; }
+span.overline { text-decoration: overline; }
+span.line-through { text-decoration: line-through; }
+
+div.unbreakable { page-break-inside: avoid; }
+
+
+/*
+ * xhtml11 specific
+ *
+ * */
+
+div.tableblock {
+ margin-top: 1.0em;
+ margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
-h2 {
+div.tableblock > table {
+ border: 3px solid #527bbd;
+}
+thead, p.table.header {
+ font-weight: bold;
+ color: #527bbd;
+}
+p.table {
+ margin-top: 0;
+}
+/* Because the table frame attribute is overriden by CSS in most browsers. */
+div.tableblock > table[frame="void"] {
border-style: none;
}
-div.sectionbody {
- margin-left: 5%;
+div.tableblock > table[frame="hsides"] {
+ border-left-style: none;
+ border-right-style: none;
}
-
-@media print {
- div#toc { display: none; }
+div.tableblock > table[frame="vsides"] {
+ border-top-style: none;
+ border-bottom-style: none;
}
-/* Workarounds for IE6's broken and incomplete CSS2. */
-div.sidebar-content {
- background: #ffffee;
- border: 1px solid silver;
- padding: 0.5em;
+/*
+ * html5 specific
+ *
+ * */
+
+table.tableblock {
+ margin-top: 1.0em;
+ margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
-div.sidebar-title, div.image-title {
- color: #527bbd;
- font-family: sans-serif;
+thead, p.tableblock.header {
font-weight: bold;
- margin-top: 0.0em;
- margin-bottom: 0.5em;
+ color: #527bbd;
+}
+p.tableblock {
+ margin-top: 0;
+}
+table.tableblock {
+ border-width: 3px;
+ border-spacing: 0px;
+ border-style: solid;
+ border-color: #527bbd;
+ border-collapse: collapse;
+}
+th.tableblock, td.tableblock {
+ border-width: 1px;
+ padding: 4px;
+ border-style: solid;
+ border-color: #527bbd;
}
-div.listingblock div.content {
- border: 1px solid silver;
- background: #f4f4f4;
- padding: 0.5em;
+table.tableblock.frame-topbot {
+ border-left-style: hidden;
+ border-right-style: hidden;
+}
+table.tableblock.frame-sides {
+ border-top-style: hidden;
+ border-bottom-style: hidden;
+}
+table.tableblock.frame-none {
+ border-style: hidden;
}
-div.quoteblock-attribution {
- padding-top: 0.5em;
+th.tableblock.halign-left, td.tableblock.halign-left {
+ text-align: left;
+}
+th.tableblock.halign-center, td.tableblock.halign-center {
+ text-align: center;
+}
+th.tableblock.halign-right, td.tableblock.halign-right {
text-align: right;
}
-div.verseblock-content {
- white-space: pre;
+th.tableblock.valign-top, td.tableblock.valign-top {
+ vertical-align: top;
}
-div.verseblock-attribution {
- padding-top: 0.75em;
- text-align: left;
+th.tableblock.valign-middle, td.tableblock.valign-middle {
+ vertical-align: middle;
+}
+th.tableblock.valign-bottom, td.tableblock.valign-bottom {
+ vertical-align: bottom;
}
-div.exampleblock-content {
- border-left: 3px solid #dddddd;
- padding-left: 0.5em;
+
+/*
+ * manpage specific
+ *
+ * */
+
+body.manpage h1 {
+ padding-top: 0.5em;
+ padding-bottom: 0.5em;
+ border-top: 2px solid silver;
+ border-bottom: 2px solid silver;
+}
+body.manpage h2 {
+ border-style: none;
+}
+body.manpage div.sectionbody {
+ margin-left: 3em;
+}
+
+@media print {
+ body.manpage div#toc { display: none; }
}
-/* IE6 sets dynamically generated links as visited. */
-div#toc a:visited { color: blue; }
+
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
/*<+'])');
+ var re = new RegExp('[hH]([1-'+(toclevels+1)+'])');
// Function that scans the DOM tree for header elements (the DOM2
// nodeIterator API would be a better technique but not supported by all
// browsers).
@@ -497,6 +597,25 @@ toc: function (toclevels) { }
var toc = document.getElementById("toc");
+ if (!toc) {
+ return;
+ }
+
+ // Delete existing TOC entries in case we're reloading the TOC.
+ var tocEntriesToRemove = [];
+ var i;
+ for (i = 0; i < toc.childNodes.length; i++) {
+ var entry = toc.childNodes[i];
+ if (entry.nodeName.toLowerCase() == 'div'
+ && entry.getAttribute("class")
+ && entry.getAttribute("class").match(/^toclevel/))
+ tocEntriesToRemove.push(entry);
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < tocEntriesToRemove.length; i++) {
+ toc.removeChild(tocEntriesToRemove[i]);
+ }
+
+ // Rebuild TOC entries.
var entries = tocEntries(document.getElementById("content"), toclevels);
for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; ++i) {
var entry = entries[i];
@@ -524,24 +643,44 @@ toc: function (toclevels) { */
footnotes: function () {
- var cont = document.getElementById("content");
+ // Delete existing footnote entries in case we're reloading the footnodes.
+ var i;
var noteholder = document.getElementById("footnotes");
+ if (!noteholder) {
+ return;
+ }
+ var entriesToRemove = [];
+ for (i = 0; i < noteholder.childNodes.length; i++) {
+ var entry = noteholder.childNodes[i];
+ if (entry.nodeName.toLowerCase() == 'div' && entry.getAttribute("class") == "footnote")
+ entriesToRemove.push(entry);
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < entriesToRemove.length; i++) {
+ noteholder.removeChild(entriesToRemove[i]);
+ }
+
+ // Rebuild footnote entries.
+ var cont = document.getElementById("content");
var spans = cont.getElementsByTagName("span");
var refs = {};
var n = 0;
for (i=0; i<spans.length; i++) {
if (spans[i].className == "footnote") {
n++;
- // Use [\s\S] in place of . so multi-line matches work.
- // Because JavaScript has no s (dotall) regex flag.
- note = spans[i].innerHTML.match(/\s*\[([\s\S]*)]\s*/)[1];
+ var note = spans[i].getAttribute("data-note");
+ if (!note) {
+ // Use [\s\S] in place of . so multi-line matches work.
+ // Because JavaScript has no s (dotall) regex flag.
+ note = spans[i].innerHTML.match(/\s*\[([\s\S]*)]\s*/)[1];
+ spans[i].innerHTML =
+ "[<a id='_footnoteref_" + n + "' href='#_footnote_" + n +
+ "' title='View footnote' class='footnote'>" + n + "</a>]";
+ spans[i].setAttribute("data-note", note);
+ }
noteholder.innerHTML +=
"<div class='footnote' id='_footnote_" + n + "'>" +
"<a href='#_footnoteref_" + n + "' title='Return to text'>" +
n + "</a>. " + note + "</div>";
- spans[i].innerHTML =
- "[<a id='_footnoteref_" + n + "' href='#_footnote_" + n +
- "' title='View footnote' class='footnote'>" + n + "</a>]";
var id =spans[i].getAttribute("id");
if (id != null) refs["#"+id] = n;
}
@@ -561,13 +700,36 @@ footnotes: function () { }
}
}
+},
+
+install: function(toclevels) {
+ var timerId;
+
+ function reinstall() {
+ asciidoc.footnotes();
+ if (toclevels) {
+ asciidoc.toc(toclevels);
+ }
+ }
+
+ function reinstallAndRemoveTimer() {
+ clearInterval(timerId);
+ reinstall();
+ }
+
+ timerId = setInterval(reinstall, 500);
+ if (document.addEventListener)
+ document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", reinstallAndRemoveTimer, false);
+ else
+ window.onload = reinstallAndRemoveTimer;
}
}
+asciidoc.install();
/*]]>*/
</script>
</head>
-<body>
+<body class="manpage">
<div id="header">
<h1>
gittutorial-2(7) Manual Page
@@ -580,13 +742,16 @@ gittutorial-2(7) Manual Page </div>
</div>
<div id="content">
+<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="verseblock">
-<div class="verseblock-content">git *</div>
-<div class="verseblock-attribution">
+<pre class="content">git *</pre>
+<div class="attribution">
</div></div>
</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>You should work through <a href="gittutorial.html">gittutorial(7)</a> before reading this tutorial.</p></div>
@@ -595,12 +760,14 @@ git’s architecture—the object database and the index file—and provide the reader with everything necessary to understand the rest
of the git documentation.</p></div>
</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_the_git_object_database">The git object database</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Let’s start a new project and create a small amount of history:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ mkdir test-project
+<pre><code>$ mkdir test-project
$ cd test-project
$ git init
Initialized empty Git repository in .git/
@@ -613,7 +780,7 @@ $ git commit -a -m "initial commit" $ echo 'hello world!' >file.txt
$ git commit -a -m "add emphasis"
[master c4d59f3] add emphasis
- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)</tt></pre>
+ 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>What are the 7 digits of hex that git responded to the commit with?</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>We saw in part one of the tutorial that commits have names like this.
@@ -630,20 +797,20 @@ can be used, so long as they are unambiguous.</p></div> following the example above generates a different SHA1 hash than
the one shown above because the commit object records the time when
it was created and the name of the person performing the commit.</p></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>We can ask git about this particular object with the <tt>cat-file</tt>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>We can ask git about this particular object with the <code>cat-file</code>
command. Don’t copy the 40 hex digits from this example but use those
from your own version. Note that you can shorten it to only a few
characters to save yourself typing all 40 hex digits:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ git cat-file -t 54196cc2
+<pre><code>$ git cat-file -t 54196cc2
commit
$ git cat-file commit 54196cc2
tree 92b8b694ffb1675e5975148e1121810081dbdffe
author J. Bruce Fields <bfields@puzzle.fieldses.org> 1143414668 -0500
committer J. Bruce Fields <bfields@puzzle.fieldses.org> 1143414668 -0500
-initial commit</tt></pre>
+initial commit</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A tree can refer to one or more "blob" objects, each corresponding to
a file. In addition, a tree can also refer to other tree objects,
@@ -652,21 +819,21 @@ any tree using ls-tree (remember that a long enough initial portion of the SHA1 will also work):</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ git ls-tree 92b8b694
-100644 blob 3b18e512dba79e4c8300dd08aeb37f8e728b8dad file.txt</tt></pre>
+<pre><code>$ git ls-tree 92b8b694
+100644 blob 3b18e512dba79e4c8300dd08aeb37f8e728b8dad file.txt</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Thus we see that this tree has one file in it. The SHA1 hash is a
reference to that file’s data:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ git cat-file -t 3b18e512
-blob</tt></pre>
+<pre><code>$ git cat-file -t 3b18e512
+blob</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>A "blob" is just file data, which we can also examine with cat-file:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ git cat-file blob 3b18e512
-hello world</tt></pre>
+<pre><code>$ git cat-file blob 3b18e512
+hello world</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Note that this is the old file data; so the object that git named in
its response to the initial tree was a tree with a snapshot of the
@@ -675,7 +842,7 @@ directory state that was recorded by the first commit.</p></div> directory:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ find .git/objects/
+<pre><code>$ find .git/objects/
.git/objects/
.git/objects/pack
.git/objects/info
@@ -690,7 +857,7 @@ directory:</p></div> .git/objects/d0
.git/objects/d0/492b368b66bdabf2ac1fd8c92b39d3db916e59
.git/objects/c4
-.git/objects/c4/d59f390b9cfd4318117afde11d601c1085f241</tt></pre>
+.git/objects/c4/d59f390b9cfd4318117afde11d601c1085f241</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>and the contents of these files is just the compressed data plus a
header identifying their length and their type. The type is either a
@@ -699,8 +866,8 @@ blob, a tree, a commit, or a tag.</p></div> from .git/HEAD:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ cat .git/HEAD
-ref: refs/heads/master</tt></pre>
+<pre><code>$ cat .git/HEAD
+ref: refs/heads/master</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>As you can see, this tells us which branch we’re currently on, and it
tells us this by naming a file under the .git directory, which itself
@@ -708,7 +875,7 @@ contains a SHA1 name referring to a commit object, which we can examine with cat-file:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ cat .git/refs/heads/master
+<pre><code>$ cat .git/refs/heads/master
c4d59f390b9cfd4318117afde11d601c1085f241
$ git cat-file -t c4d59f39
commit
@@ -718,25 +885,25 @@ parent 54196cc2703dc165cbd373a65a4dcf22d50ae7f7 author J. Bruce Fields <bfields@puzzle.fieldses.org> 1143418702 -0500
committer J. Bruce Fields <bfields@puzzle.fieldses.org> 1143418702 -0500
-add emphasis</tt></pre>
+add emphasis</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The "tree" object here refers to the new state of the tree:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ git ls-tree d0492b36
+<pre><code>$ git ls-tree d0492b36
100644 blob a0423896973644771497bdc03eb99d5281615b51 file.txt
$ git cat-file blob a0423896
-hello world!</tt></pre>
+hello world!</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>and the "parent" object refers to the previous commit:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ git cat-file commit 54196cc2
+<pre><code>$ git cat-file commit 54196cc2
tree 92b8b694ffb1675e5975148e1121810081dbdffe
author J. Bruce Fields <bfields@puzzle.fieldses.org> 1143414668 -0500
committer J. Bruce Fields <bfields@puzzle.fieldses.org> 1143414668 -0500
-initial commit</tt></pre>
+initial commit</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The tree object is the tree we examined first, and this commit is
unusual in that it lacks any parent.</p></div>
@@ -790,10 +957,12 @@ tree, etc.--and most such commands can accept any of these names.</p></div> <div class="paragraph"><p>In command synopses, the word "tree-ish" is sometimes used to
designate such an argument.</p></div>
</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_the_index_file">The index file</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
-<div class="paragraph"><p>The primary tool we’ve been using to create commits is <tt>git-commit
--a</tt>, which creates a commit including every change you’ve made to
+<div class="paragraph"><p>The primary tool we’ve been using to create commits is <code>git-commit
+-a</code>, which creates a commit including every change you’ve made to
your working tree. But what if you want to commit changes only to
certain files? Or only certain changes to certain files?</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If we look at the way commits are created under the cover, we’ll see
@@ -801,34 +970,34 @@ that there are more flexible ways creating commits.</p></div> <div class="paragraph"><p>Continuing with our test-project, let’s modify file.txt again:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ echo "hello world, again" >>file.txt</tt></pre>
+<pre><code>$ echo "hello world, again" >>file.txt</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>but this time instead of immediately making the commit, let’s take an
intermediate step, and ask for diffs along the way to keep track of
what’s happening:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ git diff
+<pre><code>$ git diff
--- a/file.txt
+++ b/file.txt
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
hello world!
+hello world, again
$ git add file.txt
-$ git diff</tt></pre>
+$ git diff</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The last diff is empty, but no new commits have been made, and the
head still doesn’t contain the new line:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ git diff HEAD
+<pre><code>$ git diff HEAD
diff --git a/file.txt b/file.txt
index a042389..513feba 100644
--- a/file.txt
+++ b/file.txt
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
hello world!
-+hello world, again</tt></pre>
++hello world, again</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>So <em>git diff</em> is comparing against something other than the head.
The thing that it’s comparing against is actually the index file,
@@ -836,13 +1005,13 @@ which is stored in .git/index in a binary format, but whose contents we can examine with ls-files:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ git ls-files --stage
+<pre><code>$ git ls-files --stage
100644 513feba2e53ebbd2532419ded848ba19de88ba00 0 file.txt
$ git cat-file -t 513feba2
blob
$ git cat-file blob 513feba2
hello world!
-hello world, again</tt></pre>
+hello world, again</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>So what our <em>git add</em> did was store a new blob and then put
a reference to it in the index file. If we modify the file again,
@@ -850,7 +1019,7 @@ we’ll see that the new modifications are reflected in the <em>git diff</em output:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ echo 'again?' >>file.txt
+<pre><code>$ echo 'again?' >>file.txt
$ git diff
index 513feba..ba3da7b 100644
--- a/file.txt
@@ -858,14 +1027,14 @@ index 513feba..ba3da7b 100644 @@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
hello world!
hello world, again
-+again?</tt></pre>
++again?</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>With the right arguments, <em>git diff</em> can also show us the difference
between the working directory and the last commit, or between the
index and the last commit:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ git diff HEAD
+<pre><code>$ git diff HEAD
diff --git a/file.txt b/file.txt
index a042389..ba3da7b 100644
--- a/file.txt
@@ -881,7 +1050,7 @@ index a042389..513feba 100644 +++ b/file.txt
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
hello world!
-+hello world, again</tt></pre>
++hello world, again</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>At any time, we can create a new commit using <em>git commit</em> (without
the "-a" option), and verify that the state committed only includes the
@@ -889,7 +1058,7 @@ changes stored in the index file, not the additional change that is still only in our working tree:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ git commit -m "repeat"
+<pre><code>$ git commit -m "repeat"
$ git diff HEAD
diff --git a/file.txt b/file.txt
index 513feba..ba3da7b 100644
@@ -898,7 +1067,7 @@ index 513feba..ba3da7b 100644 @@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
hello world!
hello world, again
-+again?</tt></pre>
++again?</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>So by default <em>git commit</em> uses the index to create the commit, not
the working tree; the "-a" option to commit tells it to first update
@@ -907,28 +1076,28 @@ the index with all changes in the working tree.</p></div> file:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ echo "goodbye, world" >closing.txt
-$ git add closing.txt</tt></pre>
+<pre><code>$ echo "goodbye, world" >closing.txt
+$ git add closing.txt</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The effect of the <em>git add</em> was to add one entry to the index file:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ git ls-files --stage
+<pre><code>$ git ls-files --stage
100644 8b9743b20d4b15be3955fc8d5cd2b09cd2336138 0 closing.txt
-100644 513feba2e53ebbd2532419ded848ba19de88ba00 0 file.txt</tt></pre>
+100644 513feba2e53ebbd2532419ded848ba19de88ba00 0 file.txt</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>And, as you can see with cat-file, this new entry refers to the
current contents of the file:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ git cat-file blob 8b9743b2
-goodbye, world</tt></pre>
+<pre><code>$ git cat-file blob 8b9743b2
+goodbye, world</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The "status" command is a useful way to get a quick summary of the
situation:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
-<pre><tt>$ git status
+<pre><code>$ git status
# On branch master
# Changes to be committed:
# (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
@@ -939,7 +1108,7 @@ situation:</p></div> # (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
#
# modified: file.txt
-#</tt></pre>
+#</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Since the current state of closing.txt is cached in the index file,
it is listed as "Changes to be committed". Since file.txt has
@@ -947,7 +1116,7 @@ changes in the working directory that aren’t reflected in the index, it is marked "changed but not updated". At this point, running "git
commit" would create a commit that added closing.txt (with its new
contents), but that didn’t modify file.txt.</p></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>Also, note that a bare <tt>git diff</tt> shows the changes to file.txt, but
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Also, note that a bare <code>git diff</code> shows the changes to file.txt, but
not the addition of closing.txt, because the version of closing.txt
in the index file is identical to the one in the working directory.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In addition to being the staging area for new commits, the index file
@@ -956,6 +1125,8 @@ branch, and is used to hold the trees involved in a merge operation. See <a href="gitcore-tutorial.html">gitcore-tutorial(7)</a> and the relevant man
pages for details.</p></div>
</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_what_next">What next?</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>At this point you should know everything necessary to read the man
@@ -973,6 +1144,8 @@ CVS-like way.</p></div> into detail on the lower-level git mechanisms involved in, for
example, creating a new commit.</p></div>
</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p><a href="gittutorial.html">gittutorial(7)</a>,
@@ -983,15 +1156,18 @@ example, creating a new commit.</p></div> <a href="everyday.html">Everyday git</a>,
<a href="user-manual.html">The Git User’s Manual</a></p></div>
</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
+</div>
<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
-Last updated 2012-02-13 00:08:46 PDT
+Last updated 2012-02-13 00:08:46 PST
</div>
</div>
</body>
|