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authorJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>2022-09-21 15:47:52 -0700
committerJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>2022-09-21 15:47:52 -0700
commita1ee129f6273b4bebf20726604a5f9eeb873ffa9 (patch)
tree924dc36d5040f88b1d3797c823686e35e290926b /ReviewingGuidelines.html
parentbb778e77f3ba317e02d2880ca7148ea66a17dd8a (diff)
downloadgit-htmldocs-a1ee129f6273b4bebf20726604a5f9eeb873ffa9.tar.gz
Autogenerated HTML docs for v2.38.0-rc1
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+}
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+/*]]>*/
+</script>
+</head>
+<body class="article">
+<div id="header">
+<h1>Reviewing Patches in the Git Project</h1>
+</div>
+<div id="content">
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_introduction">Introduction</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>The Git development community is a widely distributed, diverse, ever-changing
+group of individuals. Asynchronous communication via the Git mailing list poses
+unique challenges when reviewing or discussing patches. This document contains
+some guiding principles and helpful tools you can use to make your reviews both
+more efficient for yourself and more effective for other contributors.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Note that none of the recommendations here are binding or in any way a
+requirement of participation in the Git community. They are provided as a
+resource to supplement your skills as a contributor.</p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_principles">Principles</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="sect2">
+<h3 id="_selecting_patch_es_to_review">Selecting patch(es) to review</h3>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>If you are looking for a patch series in need of review, start by checking
+latest "What&#8217;s cooking in git.git" email
+(<a href="https://lore.kernel.org/git/xmqqilm1yp3m.fsf@gitster.g/">example</a>). The "What&#8217;s
+cooking" emails &amp; replies can be found using the query <code>s:"What's cooking"</code> on
+the <a href="https://lore.kernel.org/git/"><code>lore.kernel.org</code> mailing list archive</a>;
+alternatively, you can find the contents of the "What&#8217;s cooking" email tracked
+in <code>whats-cooking.txt</code> on the <code>todo</code> branch of Git. Topics tagged with "Needs
+review" and those in the "[New Topics]" section are typically those that would
+benefit the most from additional review.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Patches can also be searched manually in the mailing list archive using a query
+like <code>s:"PATCH" -s:"Re:"</code>. You can browse these results for topics relevant to
+your expertise or interest.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>If you&#8217;ve already contributed to Git, you may also be CC&#8217;d in another
+contributor&#8217;s patch series. These are topics where the author feels that your
+attention is warranted. This may be because their patch changes something you
+wrote previously (making you a good judge of whether the new approach does or
+doesn&#8217;t work), or because you have the expertise to provide an exceptionally
+helpful review. There is no requirement to review these patches but, in the
+spirit of open source collaboration, you should strongly consider doing so.</p></div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect2">
+<h3 id="_reviewing_patches">Reviewing patches</h3>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>While every contributor takes their own approach to reviewing patches, here are
+some general pieces of advice to make your reviews as clear and helpful as
+possible. The advice is broken into two rough categories: high-level reviewing
+guidance, and concrete tips for interacting with patches on the mailing list.</p></div>
+<div class="sect3">
+<h4 id="_high_level_guidance">High-level guidance</h4>
+<div class="ulist"><ul>
+<li>
+<p>
+Remember to review the content of commit messages for correctness and clarity,
+ in addition to the code change in the patch&#8217;s diff. The commit message of a
+ patch should accurately and fully explain the code change being made in the
+ diff.
+</p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p>
+Reviewing test coverage is an important - but easy to overlook - component of
+ reviews. A patch&#8217;s changes may be covered by existing tests, or new tests may
+ be introduced to exercise new behavior. Checking out a patch or series locally
+ allows you to manually mutate lines of new &amp; existing tests to verify expected
+ pass/fail behavior. You can use this information to verify proper coverage or
+ to suggest additional tests the author could add.
+</p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p>
+When providing a recommendation, be as clear as possible about whether you
+ consider it "blocking" (the code would be broken or otherwise made worse if an
+ issue isn&#8217;t fixed) or "non-blocking" (the patch could be made better by taking
+ the recommendation, but acceptance of the series does not require it).
+ Non-blocking recommendations can be particularly ambiguous when they are
+ related to - but outside the scope of - a series ("nice-to-have"s), or when
+ they represent only stylistic differences between the author and reviewer.
+</p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p>
+When commenting on an issue, try to include suggestions for how the author
+ could fix it. This not only helps the author to understand and fix the issue,
+ it also deepens and improves your understanding of the topic.
+</p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p>
+Reviews do not need to exclusively point out problems. Feel free to "think out
+ loud" in your review: describe how you read &amp; understood a complex section of
+ a patch, ask a question about something that confused you, point out something
+ you found exceptionally well-written, etc. In particular, uplifting feedback
+ goes a long way towards encouraging contributors to participate more actively
+ in the Git community.
+</p>
+</li>
+</ul></div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect3">
+<h4 id="_performing_your_review">Performing your review</h4>
+<div class="ulist"><ul>
+<li>
+<p>
+Provide your review comments per-patch in a plaintext "Reply-All" email to the
+ relevant patch. Comments should be made inline, immediately below the relevant
+ section(s).
+</p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p>
+You may find that the limited context provided in the patch diff is sometimes
+ insufficient for a thorough review. In such cases, you can review patches in
+ your local tree by either applying patches with <a href="git-am.html">git-am(1)</a> or checking
+ out the associated branch from <a href="https://github.com/gitster/git">https://github.com/gitster/git</a> once the series
+ is tracked there.
+</p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p>
+Large, complicated patch diffs are sometimes unavoidable, such as when they
+ refactor existing code. If you find such a patch difficult to parse, try
+ reviewing the diff produced with the <code>--color-moved</code> and/or
+ <code>--ignore-space-change</code> options.
+</p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p>
+If a patch is long, you are encouraged to delete parts of it that are
+ unrelated to your review from the email reply. Make sure to leave enough
+ context for readers to understand your comments!
+</p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p>
+If you cannot complete a full review of a series all at once, consider letting
+ the author know (on- or off-list) if/when you plan to review the rest of the
+ series.
+</p>
+</li>
+</ul></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect2">
+<h3 id="_completing_a_review">Completing a review</h3>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Once each patch of a series is reviewed, the author (and/or other contributors)
+may discuss the review(s). This may result in no changes being applied, or the
+author will send a new version of their patch(es).</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>After a series is rerolled in response to your or others' review, make sure to
+re-review the updates. If you are happy with the state of the patch series,
+explicitly indicate your approval (typically with a reply to the latest
+version&#8217;s cover letter). Optionally, you can let the author know that they can
+add a "Reviewed-by: &lt;you&gt;" trailer if they resubmit the reviewed patch verbatim
+in a later iteration of the series.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Finally, subsequent "What&#8217;s cooking" emails may explicitly ask whether a
+reviewed topic is ready for merging to the &#8216;next` branch (typically phrased
+"Will merge to 'next&#8217;?"). You can help the maintainer and author by responding
+with a short description of the state of your (and others', if applicable)
+review, including the links to the relevant thread(s).</p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_terminology">Terminology</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="dlist"><dl>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+nit:
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ Denotes a small issue that should be fixed, such as a typographical error
+ or mis-alignment of conditions in an <code>if()</code> statement.
+</p>
+</dd>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+aside:
+</dt>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+optional:
+</dt>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+non-blocking:
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ Indicates to the reader that the following comment should not block the
+ acceptance of the patch or series. These are typically recommendations
+ related to code organization &amp; style, or musings about topics related to
+ the patch in question, but beyond its scope.
+</p>
+</dd>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+s/&lt;before&gt;/&lt;after&gt;/
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ Shorthand for "you wrote &lt;before&gt;, but I think you meant &lt;after&gt;," usually
+ for misspellings or other typographical errors. The syntax is a reference
+ to "substitute" command commonly found in Unix tools such as <code>ed</code>, <code>sed</code>,
+ <code>vim</code>, and <code>perl</code>.
+</p>
+</dd>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+cover letter
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ The "Patch 0" of a multi-patch series. This email describes the
+ high-level intent and structure of the patch series to readers on the
+ Git mailing list. It is also where the changelog notes and range-diff of
+ subsequent versions are provided by the author.
+</p>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>On single-patch submissions, cover letter content is typically not sent as a
+separate email. Instead, it is inserted between the end of the patch&#8217;s commit
+message (after the <code>---</code>) and the beginning of the diff.</p></div>
+</dd>
+<dt class="hdlist1">
+#leftoverbits
+</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>
+ Used by either an author or a reviewer to describe features or suggested
+ changes that are out-of-scope of a given patch or series, but are relevant
+ to the topic for the sake of discussion.
+</p>
+</dd>
+</dl></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect1">
+<h2 id="_see_also">See Also</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p><a href="MyFirstContribution.html">MyFirstContribution</a></p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
+<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer-text">
+Last updated
+ 2022-09-21 15:44:34 PDT
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>