diff options
| author | Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> | 2023-10-04 15:45:56 -0700 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> | 2023-10-04 15:45:56 -0700 |
| commit | 293a47b693b18b10cd24c8d7cbf6f0c0e8fca190 (patch) | |
| tree | 21d1a43a4993e7be4bd256f2d4556f007f1a6c82 | |
| parent | c4096feabf5efb4497b6808dfeea8d8693f93e5b (diff) | |
| download | git-htmldocs-293a47b693b18b10cd24c8d7cbf6f0c0e8fca190.tar.gz | |
Autogenerated HTML docs for v2.42.0-325-g3a063
52 files changed, 116 insertions, 68 deletions
diff --git a/MyFirstContribution.html b/MyFirstContribution.html index c3df7353f..0c95faf2c 100644 --- a/MyFirstContribution.html +++ b/MyFirstContribution.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>My First Contribution to the Git Project</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
diff --git a/MyFirstObjectWalk.html b/MyFirstObjectWalk.html index 0a51b9246..97190afd7 100644 --- a/MyFirstObjectWalk.html +++ b/MyFirstObjectWalk.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>My First Object Walk</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
diff --git a/RelNotes/2.43.0.txt b/RelNotes/2.43.0.txt index 7f46b10ed..494e13e82 100644 --- a/RelNotes/2.43.0.txt +++ b/RelNotes/2.43.0.txt @@ -10,6 +10,14 @@ Backward Compatibility Notes prefix. If you are negatively affected by this change, please use "--subject-prefix=PATCH --rfc" as a replacement. + * "git rev-list --stdin" learned to take non-revisions (like "--not") + recently from the standard input, but the way such a "--not" was + handled was quite confusing, which has been rethought. The updated + rule is that "--not" given from the command line only affects revs + given from the command line that comes but not revs read from the + standard input, and "--not" read from the standard input affects + revs given from the stanrdard input and not revs given from the + command line. UI, Workflows & Features @@ -72,6 +80,9 @@ UI, Workflows & Features completed. The parsing code for the alias as been loosened to allow ';' without an extra space before it. + * "git for-each-ref" and friends learned to apply mailmap to + authorname and other fields. + Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. @@ -198,6 +209,10 @@ Fixes since v2.42 but now they do. (merge 5bdedac3c7 jc/unresolve-removal later to maint). + * The display width table for unicode characters has been updated for + Unicode 15.1 + (merge 872976c37e bb/unicode-width-table-15 later to maint). + * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc. (merge fd3ba590d8 ws/git-push-doc-grammofix later to maint). (merge 5f33a843de ds/upload-pack-error-sequence-fix later to maint). @@ -218,3 +233,4 @@ Fixes since v2.42 (merge 563f339d98 ch/clean-docfix later to maint). (merge 4fbe83fcd9 hy/doc-show-is-like-log-not-diff-tree later to maint). (merge 43abaaf008 ob/am-msgfix later to maint). + (merge c2c349a15c xz/commit-title-soft-limit-doc later to maint). diff --git a/ReviewingGuidelines.html b/ReviewingGuidelines.html index 14f363755..b4424ba27 100644 --- a/ReviewingGuidelines.html +++ b/ReviewingGuidelines.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>Reviewing Patches in the Git Project</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
diff --git a/SubmittingPatches.html b/SubmittingPatches.html index 6e201451d..4bc13bec0 100644 --- a/SubmittingPatches.html +++ b/SubmittingPatches.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>Submitting Patches</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
diff --git a/ToolsForGit.html b/ToolsForGit.html index ead572550..ac88e79af 100644 --- a/ToolsForGit.html +++ b/ToolsForGit.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>Tools for developing Git</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
diff --git a/everyday.html b/everyday.html index e65026a31..348ca8f70 100644 --- a/everyday.html +++ b/everyday.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
diff --git a/git-commit.html b/git-commit.html index db1e2e4a8..7e270544d 100644 --- a/git-commit.html +++ b/git-commit.html @@ -1632,7 +1632,7 @@ such as relative dates like "yesterday" or "last Friday at noon".</p></div> <h2 id="_discussion">DISCUSSION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Though not required, it’s a good idea to begin the commit message
-with a single short (less than 50 character) line summarizing the
+with a single short (no more than 50 characters) line summarizing the
change, followed by a blank line and then a more thorough description.
The text up to the first blank line in a commit message is treated
as the commit title, and that title is used throughout Git.
@@ -1840,7 +1840,7 @@ information.</p></div> <div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
- 2022-09-14 13:23:11 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:43:56 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
diff --git a/git-commit.txt b/git-commit.txt index 225c6c9f2..a6cef5d82 100644 --- a/git-commit.txt +++ b/git-commit.txt @@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ DISCUSSION ---------- Though not required, it's a good idea to begin the commit message -with a single short (less than 50 character) line summarizing the +with a single short (no more than 50 characters) line summarizing the change, followed by a blank line and then a more thorough description. The text up to the first blank line in a commit message is treated as the commit title, and that title is used throughout Git. diff --git a/git-for-each-ref.html b/git-for-each-ref.html index 3d2260d66..704ff5622 100644 --- a/git-for-each-ref.html +++ b/git-for-each-ref.html @@ -1267,7 +1267,11 @@ These are intended for working on a mix of annotated and lightweight tags.</p></ and <code>date</code> to extract the named component. For email fields (<code>authoremail</code>,
<code>committeremail</code> and <code>taggeremail</code>), <code>:trim</code> can be appended to get the email
without angle brackets, and <code>:localpart</code> to get the part before the <code>@</code> symbol
-out of the trimmed email.</p></div>
+out of the trimmed email. In addition to these, the <code>:mailmap</code> option and the
+corresponding <code>:mailmap,trim</code> and <code>:mailmap,localpart</code> can be used (order does
+not matter) to get values of the name and email according to the .mailmap file
+or according to the file set in the mailmap.file or mailmap.blob configuration
+variable (see <a href="gitmailmap.html">gitmailmap(5)</a>).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The raw data in an object is <code>raw</code>.</p></div>
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
@@ -1494,7 +1498,7 @@ commits and from none of the <code>--no-merged</code> commits are shown.</p></di <div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
- 2023-08-02 10:50:19 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:43:56 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
diff --git a/git-for-each-ref.txt b/git-for-each-ref.txt index 11b2bc312..e86d5700d 100644 --- a/git-for-each-ref.txt +++ b/git-for-each-ref.txt @@ -303,7 +303,11 @@ Fields that have name-email-date tuple as its value (`author`, and `date` to extract the named component. For email fields (`authoremail`, `committeremail` and `taggeremail`), `:trim` can be appended to get the email without angle brackets, and `:localpart` to get the part before the `@` symbol -out of the trimmed email. +out of the trimmed email. In addition to these, the `:mailmap` option and the +corresponding `:mailmap,trim` and `:mailmap,localpart` can be used (order does +not matter) to get values of the name and email according to the .mailmap file +or according to the file set in the mailmap.file or mailmap.blob configuration +variable (see linkgit:gitmailmap[5]). The raw data in an object is `raw`. diff --git a/git-log.html b/git-log.html index 6aa260e5b..3b3c25430 100644 --- a/git-log.html +++ b/git-log.html @@ -1260,6 +1260,10 @@ to <code>first-parent</code>, see <code>--diff-merges=first-parent</code> for de <p>
Reverses the meaning of the <em>^</em> prefix (or lack thereof)
for all following revision specifiers, up to the next <code>--not</code>.
+ When used on the command line before --stdin, the revisions passed
+ through stdin will not be affected by it. Conversely, when passed
+ via standard input, the revisions passed on the command line will
+ not be affected by it.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
@@ -1410,7 +1414,9 @@ explicitly.</p></div> them from standard input as well. This accepts commits and
pseudo-options like <code>--all</code> and <code>--glob=</code>. When a <code>--</code> separator
is seen, the following input is treated as paths and used to
- limit the result.
+ limit the result. Flags like <code>--not</code> which are read via standard input
+ are only respected for arguments passed in the same way and will not
+ influence any subsequent command line arguments.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
diff --git a/git-remote-helpers.html b/git-remote-helpers.html index 24b5870ff..a48f00755 100644 --- a/git-remote-helpers.html +++ b/git-remote-helpers.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>git-remote-helpers</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
diff --git a/git-rev-list.html b/git-rev-list.html index 3075e7a1d..410079a0b 100644 --- a/git-rev-list.html +++ b/git-rev-list.html @@ -1076,6 +1076,10 @@ parents) and <code>--max-parents=-1</code> (negative numbers denote no upper lim <p>
Reverses the meaning of the <em>^</em> prefix (or lack thereof)
for all following revision specifiers, up to the next <code>--not</code>.
+ When used on the command line before --stdin, the revisions passed
+ through stdin will not be affected by it. Conversely, when passed
+ via standard input, the revisions passed on the command line will
+ not be affected by it.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
@@ -1215,7 +1219,9 @@ explicitly.</p></div> them from standard input as well. This accepts commits and
pseudo-options like <code>--all</code> and <code>--glob=</code>. When a <code>--</code> separator
is seen, the following input is treated as paths and used to
- limit the result.
+ limit the result. Flags like <code>--not</code> which are read via standard input
+ are only respected for arguments passed in the same way and will not
+ influence any subsequent command line arguments.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
diff --git a/git-shortlog.html b/git-shortlog.html index 798de1b2d..6947f136e 100644 --- a/git-shortlog.html +++ b/git-shortlog.html @@ -1199,6 +1199,10 @@ parents) and <code>--max-parents=-1</code> (negative numbers denote no upper lim <p>
Reverses the meaning of the <em>^</em> prefix (or lack thereof)
for all following revision specifiers, up to the next <code>--not</code>.
+ When used on the command line before --stdin, the revisions passed
+ through stdin will not be affected by it. Conversely, when passed
+ via standard input, the revisions passed on the command line will
+ not be affected by it.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
@@ -1349,7 +1353,9 @@ explicitly.</p></div> them from standard input as well. This accepts commits and
pseudo-options like <code>--all</code> and <code>--glob=</code>. When a <code>--</code> separator
is seen, the following input is treated as paths and used to
- limit the result.
+ limit the result. Flags like <code>--not</code> which are read via standard input
+ are only respected for arguments passed in the same way and will not
+ influence any subsequent command line arguments.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
diff --git a/howto/coordinate-embargoed-releases.html b/howto/coordinate-embargoed-releases.html index 5c530846e..b6c0bb1b1 100644 --- a/howto/coordinate-embargoed-releases.html +++ b/howto/coordinate-embargoed-releases.html @@ -1038,7 +1038,7 @@ Thanks, <div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
- 2023-10-02 12:46:35 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:44:28 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
diff --git a/howto/keep-canonical-history-correct.html b/howto/keep-canonical-history-correct.html index 104c6add0..37ab6cd2d 100644 --- a/howto/keep-canonical-history-correct.html +++ b/howto/keep-canonical-history-correct.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>Keep authoritative canonical history correct with git pull</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
@@ -939,7 +939,7 @@ tip of your <em>master</em> again and redo the two merges:</p></div> <div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
- 2023-10-02 12:46:35 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:44:28 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
diff --git a/howto/maintain-git.html b/howto/maintain-git.html index ee3a19e0a..595edb193 100644 --- a/howto/maintain-git.html +++ b/howto/maintain-git.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>How to maintain Git</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
@@ -1479,7 +1479,7 @@ $ git update-ref -d $mf/ai/topic</code></pre> <div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
- 2023-10-02 12:46:35 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:44:28 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
diff --git a/howto/new-command.html b/howto/new-command.html index 489fea9cd..1806452da 100644 --- a/howto/new-command.html +++ b/howto/new-command.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>How to integrate new subcommands</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
@@ -864,7 +864,7 @@ letter [PATCH 0/n]. <div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
- 2023-10-02 12:46:33 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:44:26 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
diff --git a/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.html b/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.html index dce405a3a..19ac13df7 100644 --- a/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.html +++ b/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>How to rebase from an internal branch</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
@@ -896,7 +896,7 @@ the #1' commit.</p></div> <div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
- 2023-10-02 12:46:35 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:44:28 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
diff --git a/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.html b/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.html index 42cbd62fc..7c8b42e23 100644 --- a/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.html +++ b/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>How to rebuild from update hook</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
@@ -848,7 +848,7 @@ This is still crude and does not protect against simultaneous <div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
- 2023-10-02 12:46:35 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:44:28 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
diff --git a/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.html b/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.html index 3497e6342..b250a7f94 100644 --- a/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.html +++ b/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>How to recover a corrupted blob object</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
@@ -881,7 +881,7 @@ thing.</p></div> <div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
- 2023-10-02 12:46:35 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:44:28 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
diff --git a/howto/recover-corrupted-object-harder.html b/howto/recover-corrupted-object-harder.html index 167e415a3..e70450abb 100644 --- a/howto/recover-corrupted-object-harder.html +++ b/howto/recover-corrupted-object-harder.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>How to recover an object from scratch</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
@@ -1190,7 +1190,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) <div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
- 2023-10-02 12:46:35 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:44:28 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
diff --git a/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html b/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html index 20ccd2bf0..02d4e8d5f 100644 --- a/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html +++ b/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>How to revert a faulty merge</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
@@ -1026,7 +1026,7 @@ P---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---M2 <div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
- 2023-10-02 12:46:35 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:44:28 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
diff --git a/howto/revert-branch-rebase.html b/howto/revert-branch-rebase.html index 509b8b2db..707d1a104 100644 --- a/howto/revert-branch-rebase.html +++ b/howto/revert-branch-rebase.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>How to revert an existing commit</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
@@ -908,7 +908,7 @@ Committed merge 7fb9b7262a1d1e0a47bbfdcbbcf50ce0635d3f8f <div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
- 2023-10-02 12:46:34 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:44:27 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
diff --git a/howto/separating-topic-branches.html b/howto/separating-topic-branches.html index f567d1f3a..e2e8bf757 100644 --- a/howto/separating-topic-branches.html +++ b/howto/separating-topic-branches.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>How to separate topic branches</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
@@ -842,7 +842,7 @@ o---o"master"</code></pre> <div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
- 2023-10-02 12:46:35 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:44:28 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
diff --git a/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.html b/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.html index c16c210e0..7de0458e3 100644 --- a/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.html +++ b/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>How to setup Git server over http</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
@@ -1072,7 +1072,7 @@ help diagnosing the problem, but removes security checks.</p></div> <div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
- 2023-10-02 12:46:34 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:44:27 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
diff --git a/howto/update-hook-example.html b/howto/update-hook-example.html index 470ed10e4..c4529d33e 100644 --- a/howto/update-hook-example.html +++ b/howto/update-hook-example.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>How to use the update hook</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
@@ -931,7 +931,7 @@ that JC can make non-fast-forward pushes on it.</p></div> <div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
- 2023-10-02 12:46:34 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:44:27 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
diff --git a/howto/use-git-daemon.html b/howto/use-git-daemon.html index ae9a88142..fbe02e400 100644 --- a/howto/use-git-daemon.html +++ b/howto/use-git-daemon.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>How to use git-daemon</h1>
-<span id="revdate">2023-10-02</span>
+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
@@ -792,7 +792,7 @@ a good practice to put the paths after a "--" separator.</p></div> <div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
- 2023-10-02 12:46:34 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:44:27 PDT
</div>
</div>
</body>
diff --git a/howto/using-merge-subtree.html b/howto/using-merge-subtree.html index ad74289e5..dc1a38376 100644 --- a/howto/using-merge-subtree.html +++ b/howto/using-merge-subtree.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>How to use the subtree merge strategy</h1>
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- 2023-10-02 12:46:34 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:44:27 PDT
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diff --git a/howto/using-signed-tag-in-pull-request.html b/howto/using-signed-tag-in-pull-request.html index 99592f1e2..a4db80c84 100644 --- a/howto/using-signed-tag-in-pull-request.html +++ b/howto/using-signed-tag-in-pull-request.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>How to use a signed tag in pull requests</h1>
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- 2023-10-02 12:46:34 PDT
+ 2023-10-04 15:44:27 PDT
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diff --git a/rev-list-options.txt b/rev-list-options.txt index a4a0cb93b..66d71d1b9 100644 --- a/rev-list-options.txt +++ b/rev-list-options.txt @@ -151,6 +151,10 @@ endif::git-log[] --not:: Reverses the meaning of the '{caret}' prefix (or lack thereof) for all following revision specifiers, up to the next `--not`. + When used on the command line before --stdin, the revisions passed + through stdin will not be affected by it. Conversely, when passed + via standard input, the revisions passed on the command line will + not be affected by it. --all:: Pretend as if all the refs in `refs/`, along with `HEAD`, are @@ -240,7 +244,9 @@ endif::git-rev-list[] them from standard input as well. This accepts commits and pseudo-options like `--all` and `--glob=`. When a `--` separator is seen, the following input is treated as paths and used to - limit the result. + limit the result. Flags like `--not` which are read via standard input + are only respected for arguments passed in the same way and will not + influence any subsequent command line arguments. ifdef::git-rev-list[] --quiet:: diff --git a/technical/api-error-handling.html b/technical/api-error-handling.html index 2ebf7b6c7..8c76edbdf 100644 --- a/technical/api-error-handling.html +++ b/technical/api-error-handling.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>Error reporting in git</h1>
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diff --git a/technical/api-index.html b/technical/api-index.html index acde4a581..c0347aa9c 100644 --- a/technical/api-index.html +++ b/technical/api-index.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>Git API Documents</h1>
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diff --git a/technical/api-merge.html b/technical/api-merge.html index 262e89519..565eef511 100644 --- a/technical/api-merge.html +++ b/technical/api-merge.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>merge API</h1>
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diff --git a/technical/api-parse-options.html b/technical/api-parse-options.html index ca2fc455b..0aeef5845 100644 --- a/technical/api-parse-options.html +++ b/technical/api-parse-options.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>parse-options API</h1>
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diff --git a/technical/api-simple-ipc.html b/technical/api-simple-ipc.html index 4ecec94b5..d8bc51909 100644 --- a/technical/api-simple-ipc.html +++ b/technical/api-simple-ipc.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>Simple-IPC API</h1>
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diff --git a/technical/api-trace2.html b/technical/api-trace2.html index 223ba8062..3417bf2fb 100644 --- a/technical/api-trace2.html +++ b/technical/api-trace2.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>Trace2 API</h1>
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diff --git a/technical/bitmap-format.html b/technical/bitmap-format.html index da1690f70..c11e890d3 100644 --- a/technical/bitmap-format.html +++ b/technical/bitmap-format.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>GIT bitmap v1 format</h1>
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+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
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diff --git a/technical/bundle-uri.html b/technical/bundle-uri.html index 3656fc18b..bc502d735 100644 --- a/technical/bundle-uri.html +++ b/technical/bundle-uri.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>Bundle URIs</h1>
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diff --git a/technical/hash-function-transition.html b/technical/hash-function-transition.html index 0fc784fda..e54a8407a 100644 --- a/technical/hash-function-transition.html +++ b/technical/hash-function-transition.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>Git hash function transition</h1>
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+<span id="revdate">2023-10-04</span>
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diff --git a/technical/long-running-process-protocol.html b/technical/long-running-process-protocol.html index 8a9f9c35d..8ee3e6c38 100644 --- a/technical/long-running-process-protocol.html +++ b/technical/long-running-process-protocol.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>Long-running process protocol</h1>
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diff --git a/technical/multi-pack-index.html b/technical/multi-pack-index.html index ee29318e3..22d9757d4 100644 --- a/technical/multi-pack-index.html +++ b/technical/multi-pack-index.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>Multi-Pack-Index (MIDX) Design Notes</h1>
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diff --git a/technical/pack-heuristics.html b/technical/pack-heuristics.html index ad828fedb..2837d0cf0 100644 --- a/technical/pack-heuristics.html +++ b/technical/pack-heuristics.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>Concerning Git’s Packing Heuristics</h1>
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diff --git a/technical/parallel-checkout.html b/technical/parallel-checkout.html index 089b004af..d08cd9746 100644 --- a/technical/parallel-checkout.html +++ b/technical/parallel-checkout.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>Parallel Checkout Design Notes</h1>
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diff --git a/technical/partial-clone.html b/technical/partial-clone.html index f29d8c374..daea1f591 100644 --- a/technical/partial-clone.html +++ b/technical/partial-clone.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>Partial Clone Design Notes</h1>
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diff --git a/technical/racy-git.html b/technical/racy-git.html index de5a7c000..de067fbe7 100644 --- a/technical/racy-git.html +++ b/technical/racy-git.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>Use of index and Racy Git problem</h1>
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diff --git a/technical/scalar.html b/technical/scalar.html index b1b77d95c..b4c9e1c9a 100644 --- a/technical/scalar.html +++ b/technical/scalar.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>Scalar</h1>
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diff --git a/technical/send-pack-pipeline.html b/technical/send-pack-pipeline.html index 0940712f3..93bf9a700 100644 --- a/technical/send-pack-pipeline.html +++ b/technical/send-pack-pipeline.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>Git-send-pack internals</h1>
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diff --git a/technical/shallow.html b/technical/shallow.html index 1d66ed3e0..eff5fe41a 100644 --- a/technical/shallow.html +++ b/technical/shallow.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>Shallow commits</h1>
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diff --git a/technical/trivial-merge.html b/technical/trivial-merge.html index 8c8b794f7..7926222de 100644 --- a/technical/trivial-merge.html +++ b/technical/trivial-merge.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install(); <body class="article">
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<h1>Trivial merge rules</h1>
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diff --git a/user-manual.html b/user-manual.html index ad09ca65c..39eb6728d 100644 --- a/user-manual.html +++ b/user-manual.html @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Git User Manual</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docbook-xsl.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div lang="en" class="book"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="id-1"></a>Git User Manual</h1></div><div><div class="revhistory"><table style="border-style:solid; width:100%;" summary="Revision History"><tr><th align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><b>Revision History</b></th></tr><tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">2023-10-02</td></tr></table></div></div></div><hr></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="preface"><a href="#_introduction">Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#repositories-and-branches">1. Repositories and Branches</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#how-to-get-a-git-repository">How to get a Git repository</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#how-to-check-out">How to check out a different version of a project</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#understanding-commits">Understanding History: Commits</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#understanding-reachability">Understanding history: commits, parents, and reachability</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#history-diagrams">Understanding history: History diagrams</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#what-is-a-branch">Understanding history: What is a branch?</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#manipulating-branches">Manipulating branches</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#detached-head">Examining an old version without creating a new branch</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#examining-remote-branches">Examining branches from a remote repository</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#how-git-stores-references">Naming branches, tags, and other references</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#Updating-a-repository-With-git-fetch">Updating a repository with git fetch</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#fetching-branches">Fetching branches from other repositories</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#exploring-git-history">2. Exploring Git history</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#using-bisect">How to use bisect to find a regression</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#naming-commits">Naming commits</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#creating-tags">Creating tags</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#browsing-revisions">Browsing revisions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#generating-diffs">Generating diffs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#viewing-old-file-versions">Viewing old file versions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#history-examples">Examples</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#counting-commits-on-a-branch">Counting the number of commits on a branch</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#checking-for-equal-branches">Check whether two branches point at the same history</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#finding-tagged-descendants">Find first tagged version including a given fix</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#showing-commits-unique-to-a-branch">Showing commits unique to a given branch</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#making-a-release">Creating a changelog and tarball for a software release</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#Finding-commits-With-given-Content">Finding commits referencing a file with given content</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#Developing-With-git">3. Developing with Git</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#telling-git-your-name">Telling Git your name</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#creating-a-new-repository">Creating a new repository</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#how-to-make-a-commit">How to make a commit</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#creating-good-commit-messages">Creating good commit messages</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#ignoring-files">Ignoring files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#how-to-merge">How to merge</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#resolving-a-merge">Resolving a merge</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#conflict-resolution">Getting conflict-resolution help during a merge</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#undoing-a-merge">Undoing a merge</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#fast-forwards">Fast-forward merges</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#fixing-mistakes">Fixing mistakes</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#reverting-a-commit">Fixing a mistake with a new commit</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#fixing-a-mistake-by-rewriting-history">Fixing a mistake by rewriting history</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#checkout-of-path">Checking out an old version of a file</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#interrupted-work">Temporarily setting aside work in progress</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#ensuring-good-performance">Ensuring good performance</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#ensuring-reliability">Ensuring reliability</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#checking-for-corruption">Checking the repository for corruption</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#recovering-lost-changes">Recovering lost changes</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#sharing-development">4. Sharing development with others</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#getting-updates-With-git-pull">Getting updates with git pull</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#submitting-patches">Submitting patches to a project</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#importing-patches">Importing patches to a project</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#public-repositories">Public Git repositories</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#setting-up-a-public-repository">Setting up a public repository</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#exporting-via-git">Exporting a Git repository via the Git protocol</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#exporting-via-http">Exporting a git repository via HTTP</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#pushing-changes-to-a-public-repository">Pushing changes to a public repository</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#forcing-push">What to do when a push fails</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#setting-up-a-shared-repository">Setting up a shared repository</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#setting-up-gitweb">Allowing web browsing of a repository</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#how-to-get-a-git-repository-with-minimal-history">How to get a Git repository with minimal history</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sharing-development-examples">Examples</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#maintaining-topic-branches">Maintaining topic branches for a Linux subsystem maintainer</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#cleaning-up-history">5. Rewriting history and maintaining patch series</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#patch-series">Creating the perfect patch series</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#using-git-rebase">Keeping a patch series up to date using git rebase</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#rewriting-one-commit">Rewriting a single commit</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#reordering-patch-series">Reordering or selecting from a patch series</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#interactive-rebase">Using interactive rebases</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#patch-series-tools">Other tools</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#problems-With-rewriting-history">Problems with rewriting history</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#bisect-merges">Why bisecting merge commits can be harder than bisecting linear history</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#advanced-branch-management">6. Advanced branch management</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#fetching-individual-branches">Fetching individual branches</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#fetch-fast-forwards">git fetch and fast-forwards</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#forcing-fetch">Forcing git fetch to do non-fast-forward updates</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#remote-branch-configuration">Configuring remote-tracking branches</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#git-concepts">7. Git concepts</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#the-object-database">The Object Database</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#commit-object">Commit Object</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#tree-object">Tree Object</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#blob-object">Blob Object</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#trust">Trust</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#tag-object">Tag Object</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#pack-files">How Git stores objects efficiently: pack files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#dangling-objects">Dangling objects</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#recovering-from-repository-corruption">Recovering from repository corruption</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#the-index">The index</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#submodules">8. Submodules</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#pitfalls-with-submodules">Pitfalls with submodules</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#low-level-operations">9. Low-level Git operations</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#object-manipulation">Object access and manipulation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#the-workflow">The Workflow</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#working-directory-to-index">working directory → index</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#index-to-object-database">index → object database</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#object-database-to-index">object database → index</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#index-to-working-directory">index → working directory</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#tying-it-all-together">Tying it all together</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#examining-the-data">Examining the data</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#merging-multiple-trees">Merging multiple trees</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#merging-multiple-trees-2">Merging multiple trees, continued</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#hacking-git">10. Hacking Git</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#object-details">Object storage format</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#birdview-on-the-source-code">A birds-eye view of Git’s source code</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#glossary">11. Git Glossary</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#git-explained">Git explained</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="#git-quick-start">A. Git Quick Reference</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#quick-creating-a-new-repository">Creating a new repository</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#managing-branches">Managing branches</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#exploring-history">Exploring history</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#making-changes">Making changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#merging">Merging</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sharing-your-changes">Sharing your changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#repository-maintenance">Repository maintenance</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="#todo">B. Notes and todo list for this manual</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#todo-list">Todo list</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="preface"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="_introduction"></a>Introduction</h1></div></div></div><p>Git is a fast distributed revision control system.</p><p>This manual is designed to be readable by someone with basic UNIX +<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Git User Manual</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docbook-xsl.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div lang="en" class="book"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="id-1"></a>Git User Manual</h1></div><div><div class="revhistory"><table style="border-style:solid; width:100%;" summary="Revision History"><tr><th align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><b>Revision History</b></th></tr><tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">2023-10-04</td></tr></table></div></div></div><hr></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="preface"><a href="#_introduction">Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#repositories-and-branches">1. Repositories and Branches</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#how-to-get-a-git-repository">How to get a Git repository</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#how-to-check-out">How to check out a different version of a project</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#understanding-commits">Understanding History: Commits</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#understanding-reachability">Understanding history: commits, parents, and reachability</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#history-diagrams">Understanding history: History diagrams</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#what-is-a-branch">Understanding history: What is a branch?</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#manipulating-branches">Manipulating branches</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#detached-head">Examining an old version without creating a new branch</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#examining-remote-branches">Examining branches from a remote repository</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#how-git-stores-references">Naming branches, tags, and other references</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#Updating-a-repository-With-git-fetch">Updating a repository with git fetch</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#fetching-branches">Fetching branches from other repositories</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#exploring-git-history">2. Exploring Git history</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#using-bisect">How to use bisect to find a regression</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#naming-commits">Naming commits</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#creating-tags">Creating tags</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#browsing-revisions">Browsing revisions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#generating-diffs">Generating diffs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#viewing-old-file-versions">Viewing old file versions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#history-examples">Examples</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#counting-commits-on-a-branch">Counting the number of commits on a branch</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#checking-for-equal-branches">Check whether two branches point at the same history</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#finding-tagged-descendants">Find first tagged version including a given fix</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#showing-commits-unique-to-a-branch">Showing commits unique to a given branch</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#making-a-release">Creating a changelog and tarball for a software release</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#Finding-commits-With-given-Content">Finding commits referencing a file with given content</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#Developing-With-git">3. Developing with Git</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#telling-git-your-name">Telling Git your name</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#creating-a-new-repository">Creating a new repository</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#how-to-make-a-commit">How to make a commit</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#creating-good-commit-messages">Creating good commit messages</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#ignoring-files">Ignoring files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#how-to-merge">How to merge</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#resolving-a-merge">Resolving a merge</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#conflict-resolution">Getting conflict-resolution help during a merge</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#undoing-a-merge">Undoing a merge</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#fast-forwards">Fast-forward merges</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#fixing-mistakes">Fixing mistakes</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#reverting-a-commit">Fixing a mistake with a new commit</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#fixing-a-mistake-by-rewriting-history">Fixing a mistake by rewriting history</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#checkout-of-path">Checking out an old version of a file</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#interrupted-work">Temporarily setting aside work in progress</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#ensuring-good-performance">Ensuring good performance</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#ensuring-reliability">Ensuring reliability</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#checking-for-corruption">Checking the repository for corruption</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#recovering-lost-changes">Recovering lost changes</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#sharing-development">4. Sharing development with others</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#getting-updates-With-git-pull">Getting updates with git pull</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#submitting-patches">Submitting patches to a project</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#importing-patches">Importing patches to a project</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#public-repositories">Public Git repositories</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#setting-up-a-public-repository">Setting up a public repository</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#exporting-via-git">Exporting a Git repository via the Git protocol</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#exporting-via-http">Exporting a git repository via HTTP</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#pushing-changes-to-a-public-repository">Pushing changes to a public repository</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#forcing-push">What to do when a push fails</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#setting-up-a-shared-repository">Setting up a shared repository</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#setting-up-gitweb">Allowing web browsing of a repository</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#how-to-get-a-git-repository-with-minimal-history">How to get a Git repository with minimal history</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sharing-development-examples">Examples</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#maintaining-topic-branches">Maintaining topic branches for a Linux subsystem maintainer</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#cleaning-up-history">5. Rewriting history and maintaining patch series</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#patch-series">Creating the perfect patch series</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#using-git-rebase">Keeping a patch series up to date using git rebase</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#rewriting-one-commit">Rewriting a single commit</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#reordering-patch-series">Reordering or selecting from a patch series</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#interactive-rebase">Using interactive rebases</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#patch-series-tools">Other tools</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#problems-With-rewriting-history">Problems with rewriting history</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#bisect-merges">Why bisecting merge commits can be harder than bisecting linear history</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#advanced-branch-management">6. Advanced branch management</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#fetching-individual-branches">Fetching individual branches</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#fetch-fast-forwards">git fetch and fast-forwards</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#forcing-fetch">Forcing git fetch to do non-fast-forward updates</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#remote-branch-configuration">Configuring remote-tracking branches</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#git-concepts">7. Git concepts</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#the-object-database">The Object Database</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#commit-object">Commit Object</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#tree-object">Tree Object</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#blob-object">Blob Object</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#trust">Trust</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#tag-object">Tag Object</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#pack-files">How Git stores objects efficiently: pack files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#dangling-objects">Dangling objects</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#recovering-from-repository-corruption">Recovering from repository corruption</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#the-index">The index</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#submodules">8. Submodules</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#pitfalls-with-submodules">Pitfalls with submodules</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#low-level-operations">9. Low-level Git operations</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#object-manipulation">Object access and manipulation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#the-workflow">The Workflow</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#working-directory-to-index">working directory → index</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#index-to-object-database">index → object database</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#object-database-to-index">object database → index</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#index-to-working-directory">index → working directory</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#tying-it-all-together">Tying it all together</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#examining-the-data">Examining the data</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#merging-multiple-trees">Merging multiple trees</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#merging-multiple-trees-2">Merging multiple trees, continued</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#hacking-git">10. Hacking Git</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#object-details">Object storage format</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#birdview-on-the-source-code">A birds-eye view of Git’s source code</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#glossary">11. Git Glossary</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#git-explained">Git explained</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="#git-quick-start">A. Git Quick Reference</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#quick-creating-a-new-repository">Creating a new repository</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#managing-branches">Managing branches</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#exploring-history">Exploring history</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#making-changes">Making changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#merging">Merging</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#sharing-your-changes">Sharing your changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#repository-maintenance">Repository maintenance</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="#todo">B. Notes and todo list for this manual</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#todo-list">Todo list</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="preface"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="_introduction"></a>Introduction</h1></div></div></div><p>Git is a fast distributed revision control system.</p><p>This manual is designed to be readable by someone with basic UNIX command-line skills, but no previous knowledge of Git.</p><p><a class="xref" href="#repositories-and-branches" title="Chapter 1. Repositories and Branches">Chapter 1, <i>Repositories and Branches</i></a> and <a class="xref" href="#exploring-git-history" title="Chapter 2. Exploring Git history">Chapter 2, <i>Exploring Git history</i></a> explain how to fetch and study a project using git—read these chapters to learn how to build and test a particular version of a software project, search for |