ARM Virtual Interrupt Translation Service (ITS)

Device types supported:

KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_ITS ARM Interrupt Translation Service Controller

The ITS allows MSI(-X) interrupts to be injected into guests. This extension is optional. Creating a virtual ITS controller also requires a host GICv3 (see ARM Virtual Generic Interrupt Controller v3 and later (VGICv3)), but does not depend on having physical ITS controllers.

There can be multiple ITS controllers per guest, each of them has to have a separate, non-overlapping MMIO region.

Groups

KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ADDR

Attributes:
KVM_VGIC_ITS_ADDR_TYPE (rw, 64-bit)

Base address in the guest physical address space of the GICv3 ITS control register frame. This address needs to be 64K aligned and the region covers 128K.

Errors:

-E2BIG

Address outside of addressable IPA range

-EINVAL

Incorrectly aligned address

-EEXIST

Address already configured

-EFAULT

Invalid user pointer for attr->addr.

-ENODEV

Incorrect attribute or the ITS is not supported.

KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_CTRL

Attributes:
KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_CTRL_INIT

request the initialization of the ITS, no additional parameter in kvm_device_attr.addr.

KVM_DEV_ARM_ITS_CTRL_RESET

reset the ITS, no additional parameter in kvm_device_attr.addr. See “ITS Reset State” section.

KVM_DEV_ARM_ITS_SAVE_TABLES

save the ITS table data into guest RAM, at the location provisioned by the guest in corresponding registers/table entries. Should userspace require a form of dirty tracking to identify which pages are modified by the saving process, it should use a bitmap even if using another mechanism to track the memory dirtied by the vCPUs.

The layout of the tables in guest memory defines an ABI. The entries are laid out in little endian format as described in the last paragraph.

KVM_DEV_ARM_ITS_RESTORE_TABLES

restore the ITS tables from guest RAM to ITS internal structures.

The GICV3 must be restored before the ITS and all ITS registers but the GITS_CTLR must be restored before restoring the ITS tables.

The GITS_IIDR read-only register must also be restored before calling KVM_DEV_ARM_ITS_RESTORE_TABLES as the IIDR revision field encodes the ABI revision.

The expected ordering when restoring the GICv3/ITS is described in section “ITS Restore Sequence”.

Errors:

-ENXIO

ITS not properly configured as required prior to setting this attribute

-ENOMEM

Memory shortage when allocating ITS internal data

-EINVAL

Inconsistent restored data

-EFAULT

Invalid guest ram access

-EBUSY

One or more VCPUS are running

-EACCES

The virtual ITS is backed by a physical GICv4 ITS, and the state is not available without GICv4.1

KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ITS_REGS

Attributes:

The attr field of kvm_device_attr encodes the offset of the ITS register, relative to the ITS control frame base address (ITS_base).

kvm_device_attr.addr points to a __u64 value whatever the width of the addressed register (32/64 bits). 64 bit registers can only be accessed with full length.

Writes to read-only registers are ignored by the kernel except for:

  • GITS_CREADR. It must be restored otherwise commands in the queue will be re-executed after restoring CWRITER. GITS_CREADR must be restored before restoring the GITS_CTLR which is likely to enable the ITS. Also it must be restored after GITS_CBASER since a write to GITS_CBASER resets GITS_CREADR.

  • GITS_IIDR. The Revision field encodes the table layout ABI revision. In the future we might implement direct injection of virtual LPIs. This will require an upgrade of the table layout and an evolution of the ABI. GITS_IIDR must be restored before calling KVM_DEV_ARM_ITS_RESTORE_TABLES.

For other registers, getting or setting a register has the same effect as reading/writing the register on real hardware.

Errors:

-ENXIO

Offset does not correspond to any supported register

-EFAULT

Invalid user pointer for attr->addr

-EINVAL

Offset is not 64-bit aligned

-EBUSY

one or more VCPUS are running

ITS Restore Sequence:

The following ordering must be followed when restoring the GIC and the ITS:

  1. restore all guest memory and create vcpus

  2. restore all redistributors

  3. provide the ITS base address (KVM_DEV_ARM_VGIC_GRP_ADDR)

  4. restore the ITS in the following order:

    1. Restore GITS_CBASER

    2. Restore all other GITS_ registers, except GITS_CTLR!

    3. Load the ITS table data (KVM_DEV_ARM_ITS_RESTORE_TABLES)

    4. Restore GITS_CTLR

Then vcpus can be started.

ITS Table ABI REV0:

Revision 0 of the ABI only supports the features of a virtual GICv3, and does not support a virtual GICv4 with support for direct injection of virtual interrupts for nested hypervisors.

The device table and ITT are indexed by the DeviceID and EventID, respectively. The collection table is not indexed by CollectionID, and the entries in the collection are listed in no particular order. All entries are 8 bytes.

Device Table Entry (DTE):

bits:     | 63| 62 ... 49 | 48 ... 5 | 4 ... 0 |
values:   | V |   next    | ITT_addr |  Size   |

where:

  • V indicates whether the entry is valid. If not, other fields are not meaningful.

  • next: equals to 0 if this entry is the last one; otherwise it corresponds to the DeviceID offset to the next DTE, capped by 2^14 -1.

  • ITT_addr matches bits [51:8] of the ITT address (256 Byte aligned).

  • Size specifies the supported number of bits for the EventID, minus one

Collection Table Entry (CTE):

bits:     | 63| 62 ..  52  | 51 ... 16 | 15  ...   0 |
values:   | V |    RES0    |  RDBase   |    ICID     |

where:

  • V indicates whether the entry is valid. If not, other fields are not meaningful.

  • RES0: reserved field with Should-Be-Zero-or-Preserved behavior.

  • RDBase is the PE number (GICR_TYPER.Processor_Number semantic),

  • ICID is the collection ID

Interrupt Translation Entry (ITE):

bits:     | 63 ... 48 | 47 ... 16 | 15 ... 0 |
values:   |    next   |   pINTID  |  ICID    |

where:

  • next: equals to 0 if this entry is the last one; otherwise it corresponds to the EventID offset to the next ITE capped by 2^16 -1.

  • pINTID is the physical LPI ID; if zero, it means the entry is not valid and other fields are not meaningful.

  • ICID is the collection ID

ITS Reset State:

RESET returns the ITS to the same state that it was when first created and initialized. When the RESET command returns, the following things are guaranteed:

  • The ITS is not enabled and quiescent GITS_CTLR.Enabled = 0 .Quiescent=1

  • There is no internally cached state

  • No collection or device table are used GITS_BASER<n>.Valid = 0

  • GITS_CBASER = 0, GITS_CREADR = 0, GITS_CWRITER = 0

  • The ABI version is unchanged and remains the one set when the ITS device was first created.