€•™/      Œsphinx.addnodes”Œdocument”“”)”}”(Œ	rawsource”Œ ”Œchildren”]”(Œtranslations”ŒLanguagesNode”“”)”}”(hhh]”(h Œpending_xref”“”)”}”(hhh]”Œdocutils.nodes”ŒText”“”ŒChinese (Simplified)”…””}”Œparent”hsbaŒ
attributes”}”(Œids”]”Œclasses”]”Œnames”]”Œdupnames”]”Œbackrefs”]”Œ	refdomain”Œstd”Œreftype”Œdoc”Œ	reftarget”Œ3/translations/zh_CN/fault-injection/provoke-crashes”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuŒtagname”hhhubh)”}”(hhh]”hŒChinese (Traditional)”…””}”hh2sbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œ	refdomain”h)Œreftype”h+Œ	reftarget”Œ3/translations/zh_TW/fault-injection/provoke-crashes”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuh1hhhubh)”}”(hhh]”hŒItalian”…””}”hhFsbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œ	refdomain”h)Œreftype”h+Œ	reftarget”Œ3/translations/it_IT/fault-injection/provoke-crashes”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuh1hhhubh)”}”(hhh]”hŒJapanese”…””}”hhZsbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œ	refdomain”h)Œreftype”h+Œ	reftarget”Œ3/translations/ja_JP/fault-injection/provoke-crashes”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuh1hhhubh)”}”(hhh]”hŒKorean”…””}”hhnsbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œ	refdomain”h)Œreftype”h+Œ	reftarget”Œ3/translations/ko_KR/fault-injection/provoke-crashes”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuh1hhhubh)”}”(hhh]”hŒSpanish”…””}”hh‚sbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œ	refdomain”h)Œreftype”h+Œ	reftarget”Œ3/translations/sp_SP/fault-injection/provoke-crashes”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuh1hhhubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œcurrent_language”ŒEnglish”uh1h
hhŒ	_document”hŒsource”NŒline”NubhŒcomment”“”)”}”(hŒ SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0”h]”hŒ SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0”…””}”hh£sbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œ	xml:space”Œpreserve”uh1h¡hhhžhhŸŒM/var/lib/git/docbuild/linux/Documentation/fault-injection/provoke-crashes.rst”h KubhŒsection”“”)”}”(hhh]”(hŒtitle”“”)”}”(hŒ<Provoking crashes with Linux Kernel Dump Test Module (LKDTM)”h]”hŒ<Provoking crashes with Linux Kernel Dump Test Module (LKDTM)”…””}”(hh»hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h¹hh¶hžhhŸh³h KubhŒ	paragraph”“”)”}”(hXy  The lkdtm module provides an interface to disrupt (and usually crash)
the kernel at predefined code locations to evaluate the reliability of
the kernel's exception handling and to test crash dumps obtained using
different dumping solutions. The module uses KPROBEs to instrument the
trigger location, but can also trigger the kernel directly without KPROBE
support via debugfs.”h]”hX{  The lkdtm module provides an interface to disrupt (and usually crash)
the kernel at predefined code locations to evaluate the reliability of
the kernelâ€™s exception handling and to test crash dumps obtained using
different dumping solutions. The module uses KPROBEs to instrument the
trigger location, but can also trigger the kernel directly without KPROBE
support via debugfs.”…””}”(hhËhžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1hÉhŸh³h Khh¶hžhubhÊ)”}”(hŒÈYou can select the location of the trigger ("crash point name") and the
type of action ("crash point type") either through module arguments when
inserting the module, or through the debugfs interface.”h]”hŒÐYou can select the location of the trigger (â€œcrash point nameâ€) and the
type of action (â€œcrash point typeâ€) either through module arguments when
inserting the module, or through the debugfs interface.”…””}”(hhÙhžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1hÉhŸh³h Khh¶hžhubhÊ)”}”(hŒUsage::”h]”hŒUsage:”…””}”(hhçhžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1hÉhŸh³h Khh¶hžhubhŒliteral_block”“”)”}”(hŒdinsmod lkdtm.ko [recur_count={>0}] cpoint_name=<> cpoint_type=<>
                [cpoint_count={>0}]”h]”hŒdinsmod lkdtm.ko [recur_count={>0}] cpoint_name=<> cpoint_type=<>
                [cpoint_count={>0}]”…””}”hh÷sbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”h±h²uh1hõhŸh³h Khh¶hžhubhŒdefinition_list”“”)”}”(hhh]”(hŒdefinition_list_item”“”)”}”(hX  recur_count
Recursion level for the stack overflow test. By default this is
dynamically calculated based on kernel configuration, with the
goal of being just large enough to exhaust the kernel stack. The
value can be seen at `/sys/module/lkdtm/parameters/recur_count`.
”h]”(hŒterm”“”)”}”(hŒrecur_count”h]”hŒrecur_count”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j  hŸh³h Khj  ubhŒ
definition”“”)”}”(hhh]”hÊ)”}”(hX   Recursion level for the stack overflow test. By default this is
dynamically calculated based on kernel configuration, with the
goal of being just large enough to exhaust the kernel stack. The
value can be seen at `/sys/module/lkdtm/parameters/recur_count`.”h]”(hŒÕRecursion level for the stack overflow test. By default this is
dynamically calculated based on kernel configuration, with the
goal of being just large enough to exhaust the kernel stack. The
value can be seen at ”…””}”(hj%  hžhhŸNh NubhŒtitle_reference”“”)”}”(hŒ*`/sys/module/lkdtm/parameters/recur_count`”h]”hŒ(/sys/module/lkdtm/parameters/recur_count”…””}”(hj/  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j-  hj%  ubhŒ.”…””}”(hj%  hžhhŸNh Nubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1hÉhŸh³h Khj"  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j   hj  ubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j
  hŸh³h Khj  ubj  )”}”(hŒ½cpoint_name
Where in the kernel to trigger the action. It can be
one of INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY, INT_HW_IRQ_EN, INT_TASKLET_ENTRY,
FS_SUBMIT_BH, MEM_SWAPOUT, TIMERADD, SCSI_QUEUE_RQ, or DIRECT.
”h]”(j  )”}”(hŒcpoint_name”h]”hŒcpoint_name”…””}”(hjW  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j  hŸh³h K hjS  ubj!  )”}”(hhh]”hÊ)”}”(hŒ°Where in the kernel to trigger the action. It can be
one of INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY, INT_HW_IRQ_EN, INT_TASKLET_ENTRY,
FS_SUBMIT_BH, MEM_SWAPOUT, TIMERADD, SCSI_QUEUE_RQ, or DIRECT.”h]”hŒ°Where in the kernel to trigger the action. It can be
one of INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY, INT_HW_IRQ_EN, INT_TASKLET_ENTRY,
FS_SUBMIT_BH, MEM_SWAPOUT, TIMERADD, SCSI_QUEUE_RQ, or DIRECT.”…””}”(hjh  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1hÉhŸh³h Khje  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j   hjS  ubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j
  hŸh³h K hj  hžhubj  )”}”(hX  cpoint_type
Indicates the action to be taken on hitting the crash point.
These are numerous, and best queried directly from debugfs. Some
of the common ones are PANIC, BUG, EXCEPTION, LOOP, and OVERFLOW.
See the contents of `/sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT` for
a complete list.
”h]”(j  )”}”(hŒcpoint_type”h]”hŒcpoint_type”…””}”(hj†  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j  hŸh³h K'hj‚  ubj!  )”}”(hhh]”hÊ)”}”(hX  Indicates the action to be taken on hitting the crash point.
These are numerous, and best queried directly from debugfs. Some
of the common ones are PANIC, BUG, EXCEPTION, LOOP, and OVERFLOW.
See the contents of `/sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT` for
a complete list.”h]”(hŒÔIndicates the action to be taken on hitting the crash point.
These are numerous, and best queried directly from debugfs. Some
of the common ones are PANIC, BUG, EXCEPTION, LOOP, and OVERFLOW.
See the contents of ”…””}”(hj—  hžhhŸNh Nubj.  )”}”(hŒ(`/sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT`”h]”hŒ&/sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT”…””}”(hjŸ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j-  hj—  ubhŒ for
a complete list.”…””}”(hj—  hžhhŸNh Nubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1hÉhŸh³h K#hj”  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j   hj‚  ubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j
  hŸh³h K'hj  hžhubj  )”}”(hŒ­cpoint_count
Indicates the number of times the crash point is to be hit
before triggering the action. The default is 10 (except for
DIRECT, which always fires immediately).
”h]”(j  )”}”(hŒcpoint_count”h]”hŒcpoint_count”…””}”(hjÇ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j  hŸh³h K,hjÃ  ubj!  )”}”(hhh]”hÊ)”}”(hŒŸIndicates the number of times the crash point is to be hit
before triggering the action. The default is 10 (except for
DIRECT, which always fires immediately).”h]”hŒŸIndicates the number of times the crash point is to be hit
before triggering the action. The default is 10 (except for
DIRECT, which always fires immediately).”…””}”(hjØ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1hÉhŸh³h K*hjÕ  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j   hjÃ  ubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j
  hŸh³h K,hj  hžhubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j  hh¶hžhhŸh³h NubhÊ)”}”(hŒuYou can also induce failures by mounting debugfs and writing the type to
<debugfs>/provoke-crash/<crashpoint>. E.g.::”h]”hŒtYou can also induce failures by mounting debugfs and writing the type to
<debugfs>/provoke-crash/<crashpoint>. E.g.:”…””}”(hjø  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1hÉhŸh³h K.hh¶hžhubhö)”}”(hŒnmount -t debugfs debugfs /sys/kernel/debug
echo EXCEPTION > /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY”h]”hŒnmount -t debugfs debugfs /sys/kernel/debug
echo EXCEPTION > /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY”…””}”hj  sbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”h±h²uh1hõhŸh³h K1hh¶hžhubhÊ)”}”(hŒ½The special file `DIRECT` will induce the action directly without KPROBE
instrumentation. This mode is the only one available when the module is
built for a kernel without KPROBEs support::”h]”(hŒThe special file ”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubj.  )”}”(hŒ`DIRECT`”h]”hŒDIRECT”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j-  hj  ubhŒ£ will induce the action directly without KPROBE
instrumentation. This mode is the only one available when the module is
built for a kernel without KPROBEs support:”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1hÉhŸh³h K4hh¶hžhubhö)”}”(hŒ{# Instead of having a BUG kill your shell, have it kill "cat":
cat <(echo WRITE_RO) >/sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT”h]”hŒ{# Instead of having a BUG kill your shell, have it kill "cat":
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