€•5      Œsphinx.addnodes”Œdocument”“”)”}”(Œ	rawsource”Œ ”Œchildren”]”(Œtranslations”ŒLanguagesNode”“”)”}”(hhh]”(h Œpending_xref”“”)”}”(hhh]”Œdocutils.nodes”ŒText”“”ŒChinese (Simplified)”…””}”Œparent”hsbaŒ
attributes”}”(Œids”]”Œclasses”]”Œnames”]”Œdupnames”]”Œbackrefs”]”Œ	refdomain”Œstd”Œreftype”Œdoc”Œ	reftarget”Œ./translations/zh_CN/arch/arm64/tagged-pointers”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuŒtagname”hhhubh)”}”(hhh]”hŒChinese (Traditional)”…””}”hh2sbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œ	refdomain”h)Œreftype”h+Œ	reftarget”Œ./translations/zh_TW/arch/arm64/tagged-pointers”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuh1hhhubh)”}”(hhh]”hŒItalian”…””}”hhFsbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œ	refdomain”h)Œreftype”h+Œ	reftarget”Œ./translations/it_IT/arch/arm64/tagged-pointers”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuh1hhhubh)”}”(hhh]”hŒJapanese”…””}”hhZsbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œ	refdomain”h)Œreftype”h+Œ	reftarget”Œ./translations/ja_JP/arch/arm64/tagged-pointers”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuh1hhhubh)”}”(hhh]”hŒKorean”…””}”hhnsbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œ	refdomain”h)Œreftype”h+Œ	reftarget”Œ./translations/ko_KR/arch/arm64/tagged-pointers”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuh1hhhubh)”}”(hhh]”hŒSpanish”…””}”hh‚sbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œ	refdomain”h)Œreftype”h+Œ	reftarget”Œ./translations/sp_SP/arch/arm64/tagged-pointers”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuh1hhhubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œcurrent_language”ŒEnglish”uh1h
hhŒ	_document”hŒsource”NŒline”NubhŒsection”“”)”}”(hhh]”(hŒtitle”“”)”}”(hŒ)Tagged virtual addresses in AArch64 Linux”h]”hŒ)Tagged virtual addresses in AArch64 Linux”…””}”(hh¨hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h¦hh£hžhhŸŒH/var/lib/git/docbuild/linux/Documentation/arch/arm64/tagged-pointers.rst”h KubhŒ	paragraph”“”)”}”(hŒ)Author: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>”h]”(hŒAuthor: Will Deacon <”…””}”(hh¹hžhhŸNh NubhŒ	reference”“”)”}”(hŒwill.deacon@arm.com”h]”hŒwill.deacon@arm.com”…””}”(hhÃhžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œrefuri”Œmailto:will.deacon@arm.com”uh1hÁhh¹ubhŒ>”…””}”(hh¹hžhhŸNh Nubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Khh£hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒDate  : 12 June 2013”h]”hŒDate  : 12 June 2013”…””}”(hhÝhžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Khh£hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒ–This document briefly describes the provision of tagged virtual
addresses in the AArch64 translation system and their potential uses
in AArch64 Linux.”h]”hŒ–This document briefly describes the provision of tagged virtual
addresses in the AArch64 translation system and their potential uses
in AArch64 Linux.”…””}”(hhëhžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K	hh£hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒòThe kernel configures the translation tables so that translations made
via TTBR0 (i.e. userspace mappings) have the top byte (bits 63:56) of
the virtual address ignored by the translation hardware. This frees up
this byte for application use.”h]”hŒòThe kernel configures the translation tables so that translations made
via TTBR0 (i.e. userspace mappings) have the top byte (bits 63:56) of
the virtual address ignored by the translation hardware. This frees up
this byte for application use.”…””}”(hhùhžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Khh£hžhubh¢)”}”(hhh]”(h§)”}”(hŒ&Passing tagged addresses to the kernel”h]”hŒ&Passing tagged addresses to the kernel”…””}”(hj
  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h¦hj  hžhhŸh¶h Kubh¸)”}”(hŒÚAll interpretation of userspace memory addresses by the kernel assumes
an address tag of 0x00, unless the application enables the AArch64
Tagged Address ABI explicitly
(Documentation/arch/arm64/tagged-address-abi.rst).”h]”hŒÚAll interpretation of userspace memory addresses by the kernel assumes
an address tag of 0x00, unless the application enables the AArch64
Tagged Address ABI explicitly
(Documentation/arch/arm64/tagged-address-abi.rst).”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Khj  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒ9This includes, but is not limited to, addresses found in:”h]”hŒ9This includes, but is not limited to, addresses found in:”…””}”(hj&  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Khj  hžhubhŒblock_quote”“”)”}”(hX  - pointer arguments to system calls, including pointers in structures
  passed to system calls,

- the stack pointer (sp), e.g. when interpreting it to deliver a
  signal,

- the frame pointer (x29) and frame records, e.g. when interpreting
  them to generate a backtrace or call graph.
”h]”hŒbullet_list”“”)”}”(hhh]”(hŒ	list_item”“”)”}”(hŒ\pointer arguments to system calls, including pointers in structures
passed to system calls,
”h]”h¸)”}”(hŒ[pointer arguments to system calls, including pointers in structures
passed to system calls,”h]”hŒ[pointer arguments to system calls, including pointers in structures
passed to system calls,”…””}”(hjE  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h KhjA  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j?  hj<  ubj@  )”}”(hŒGthe stack pointer (sp), e.g. when interpreting it to deliver a
signal,
”h]”h¸)”}”(hŒFthe stack pointer (sp), e.g. when interpreting it to deliver a
signal,”h]”hŒFthe stack pointer (sp), e.g. when interpreting it to deliver a
signal,”…””}”(hj]  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K hjY  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j?  hj<  ubj@  )”}”(hŒnthe frame pointer (x29) and frame records, e.g. when interpreting
them to generate a backtrace or call graph.
”h]”h¸)”}”(hŒmthe frame pointer (x29) and frame records, e.g. when interpreting
them to generate a backtrace or call graph.”h]”hŒmthe frame pointer (x29) and frame records, e.g. when interpreting
them to generate a backtrace or call graph.”…””}”(hju  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K#hjq  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j?  hj<  ubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œbullet”Œ-”uh1j:  hŸh¶h Khj6  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j4  hŸh¶h Khj  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒèUsing non-zero address tags in any of these locations when the
userspace application did not enable the AArch64 Tagged Address ABI may
result in an error code being returned, a (fatal) signal being raised,
or other modes of failure.”h]”hŒèUsing non-zero address tags in any of these locations when the
userspace application did not enable the AArch64 Tagged Address ABI may
result in an error code being returned, a (fatal) signal being raised,
or other modes of failure.”…””}”(hj—  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K&hj  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒÏFor these reasons, when the AArch64 Tagged Address ABI is disabled,
passing non-zero address tags to the kernel via system calls is
forbidden, and using a non-zero address tag for sp is strongly
discouraged.”h]”hŒÏFor these reasons, when the AArch64 Tagged Address ABI is disabled,
passing non-zero address tags to the kernel via system calls is
forbidden, and using a non-zero address tag for sp is strongly
discouraged.”…””}”(hj¥  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K+hj  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒ—Programs maintaining a frame pointer and frame records that use non-zero
address tags may suffer impaired or inaccurate debug and profiling
visibility.”h]”hŒ—Programs maintaining a frame pointer and frame records that use non-zero
address tags may suffer impaired or inaccurate debug and profiling
visibility.”…””}”(hj³  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K0hj  hžhubeh}”(h]”Œ&passing-tagged-addresses-to-the-kernel”ah ]”h"]”Œ&passing tagged addresses to the kernel”ah$]”h&]”uh1h¡hh£hžhhŸh¶h Kubh¢)”}”(hhh]”(h§)”}”(hŒPreserving tags”h]”hŒPreserving tags”…””}”(hjÌ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h¦hjÉ  hžhhŸh¶h K6ubh¸)”}”(hXm  When delivering signals, non-zero tags are not preserved in
siginfo.si_addr unless the flag SA_EXPOSE_TAGBITS was set in
sigaction.sa_flags when the signal handler was installed. This means
that signal handlers in applications making use of tags cannot rely
on the tag information for user virtual addresses being maintained
in these fields unless the flag was set.”h]”hXm  When delivering signals, non-zero tags are not preserved in
siginfo.si_addr unless the flag SA_EXPOSE_TAGBITS was set in
sigaction.sa_flags when the signal handler was installed. This means
that signal handlers in applications making use of tags cannot rely
on the tag information for user virtual addresses being maintained
in these fields unless the flag was set.”…””}”(hjÚ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K8hjÉ  hžhubh¸)”}”(hXC  Due to architecture limitations, bits 63:60 of the fault address
are not preserved in response to synchronous tag check faults
(SEGV_MTESERR) even if SA_EXPOSE_TAGBITS was set. Applications should
treat the values of these bits as undefined in order to accommodate
future architecture revisions which may preserve the bits.”h]”hXC  Due to architecture limitations, bits 63:60 of the fault address
are not preserved in response to synchronous tag check faults
(SEGV_MTESERR) even if SA_EXPOSE_TAGBITS was set. Applications should
treat the values of these bits as undefined in order to accommodate
future architecture revisions which may preserve the bits.”…””}”(hjè  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K?hjÉ  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒ–For signals raised in response to watchpoint debug exceptions, the
tag information will be preserved regardless of the SA_EXPOSE_TAGBITS
flag setting.”h]”hŒ–For signals raised in response to watchpoint debug exceptions, the
tag information will be preserved regardless of the SA_EXPOSE_TAGBITS
flag setting.”…””}”(hjö  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h KEhjÉ  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒoNon-zero tags are never preserved in sigcontext.fault_address
regardless of the SA_EXPOSE_TAGBITS flag setting.”h]”hŒoNon-zero tags are never preserved in sigcontext.fault_address
regardless of the SA_EXPOSE_TAGBITS flag setting.”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h KIhjÉ  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒ‚The architecture prevents the use of a tagged PC, so the upper byte will
be set to a sign-extension of bit 55 on exception return.”h]”hŒ‚The architecture prevents the use of a tagged PC, so the upper byte will
be set to a sign-extension of bit 55 on exception return.”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h KLhjÉ  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒLThis behaviour is maintained when the AArch64 Tagged Address ABI is
enabled.”h]”hŒLThis behaviour is maintained when the AArch64 Tagged Address ABI is
enabled.”…””}”(hj   hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h KOhjÉ  hžhubeh}”(h]”Œpreserving-tags”ah ]”h"]”Œpreserving tags”ah$]”h&]”uh1h¡hh£hžhhŸh¶h K6ubh¢)”}”(hhh]”(h§)”}”(hŒOther considerations”h]”hŒOther considerations”…””}”(hj9  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h¦hj6  hžhhŸh¶h KTubh¸)”}”(hŒ¤Special care should be taken when using tagged pointers, since it is
likely that C compilers will not hazard two virtual addresses differing
only in the upper byte.”h]”hŒ¤Special care should be taken when using tagged pointers, since it is
likely that C compilers will not hazard two virtual addresses differing
only in the upper byte.”…””}”(hjG  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h KVhj6  hžhubeh}”(h]”Œother-considerations”ah ]”h"]”Œother considerations”ah$]”h&]”uh1h¡hh£hžhhŸh¶h KTubeh}”(h]”Œ)tagged-virtual-addresses-in-aarch64-linux”ah ]”h"]”Œ)tagged virtual addresses in aarch64 linux”ah$]”h&]”uh1h¡hhhžhhŸh¶h Kubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œsource”h¶uh1hŒcurrent_source”NŒcurrent_line”NŒsettings”Œdocutils.frontend”ŒValues”“”)”}”(h¦NŒ	generator”NŒ	datestamp”NŒsource_link”NŒ
source_url”NŒtoc_backlinks”Œentry”Œfootnote_backlinks”KŒsectnum_xform”KŒstrip_comments”NŒstrip_elements_with_classes”NŒstrip_classes”NŒreport_level”KŒ
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id_counter”Œcollections”ŒCounter”“”}”…”R”Œparse_messages”]”Œtransform_messages”]”Œtransformer”NŒinclude_log”]”Œ
decoration”Nhžhub.