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field_name”“”)”}”(hŒ Copyright”h]”hŒ Copyright”…””}”(hj| h²hh³Nh´Nubah }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1jz hjw h³hÇh´K ubhŒ
field_body”“”)”}”(hŒ |copy| 2017 Intel Corporation
”h]”hŒ paragraph”“”)”}”(hŒ |copy| 2017 Intel Corporation”h]”(hŒÂ©”…””}”(hj’ h²hh³Nh´NubhŒ 2017 Intel Corporation”…””}”(hj’ h²hh³Nh´Nubeh }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j h³hÇh´KhjŒ ubah }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1jŠ hjw ubeh }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1ju h³hÇh´Khjr h²hubjv )”}”(hhh]”(j{ )”}”(hŒAuthor”h]”hŒAuthor”…””}”(hj³ h²hh³Nh´Nubah }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1jz hj° h³hÇh´K ubj‹ )”}”(hŒ0Rafael J. Wysocki
”h]”j‘ )”}”(hŒ.Rafael J. Wysocki ”h]”(hŒRafael J. Wysocki <”…””}”(hjÅ h²hh³Nh´NubhŒ reference”“”)”}”(hŒrafael.j.wysocki@intel.com”h]”hŒrafael.j.wysocki@intel.com”…””}”(hjÏ h²hh³Nh´Nubah }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œrefuri”Œ!mailto:rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com”uh1jÍ hjÅ ubhŒ>”…””}”(hjÅ h²hh³Nh´Nubeh }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j h³hÇh´K
hjÁ ubah }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1jŠ hj° ubeh }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1ju h³hÇh´K
hjr h²hubeh }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1jp hj] h²hh³hÇh´Kubj‘ )”}”(hŒKThe Linux kernel supports two major high-level power management strategies.”h]”hŒKThe Linux kernel supports two major high-level power management strategies.”…””}”(hjû h²hh³Nh´Nubah }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j h³hÇh´K
hj] h²hubj‘ )”}”(hX” One of them is based on using global low-power states of the whole system in
which user space code cannot be executed and the overall system activity is
significantly reduced, referred to as :doc:`sleep states `. The
kernel puts the system into one of these states when requested by user space
and the system stays in it until a special signal is received from one of
designated devices, triggering a transition to the ``working state`` in which
user space code can run. Because sleep states are global and the whole system
is affected by the state changes, this strategy is referred to as the
:doc:`system-wide power management `.”h]”(hŒ¿One of them is based on using global low-power states of the whole system in
which user space code cannot be executed and the overall system activity is
significantly reduced, referred to as ”…””}”(hj h²hh³Nh´Nubh)”}”(hŒ":doc:`sleep states `”h]”hŒinline”“”)”}”(hj h]”hŒ sleep states”…””}”(hj h²hh³Nh´Nubah }”(h ]”h ]”(Œxref”Œstd”Œstd-doc”eh"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j hj ubah }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œrefdoc”Œadmin-guide/pm/strategies”Œ refdomain”j" Œreftype”Œdoc”Œ refexplicit”ˆŒrefwarn”ˆŒ reftarget”Œ sleep-states”uh1hh³hÇh´Khj ubhŒÑ. The
kernel puts the system into one of these states when requested by user space
and the system stays in it until a special signal is received from one of
designated devices, triggering a transition to the ”…””}”(hj h²hh³Nh´NubhŒliteral”“”)”}”(hŒ``working state``”h]”hŒ
working state”…””}”(hj< h²hh³Nh´Nubah }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j: hj ubhŒŸ in which
user space code can run. Because sleep states are global and the whole system
is affected by the state changes, this strategy is referred to as the
”…””}”(hj h²hh³Nh´Nubh)”}”(hŒ1:doc:`system-wide power management `”h]”j )”}”(hjP h]”hŒ system-wide power management”…””}”(hjR h²hh³Nh´Nubah }”(h ]”h ]”(j! Œstd”Œstd-doc”eh"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j hjN ubah }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œrefdoc”j. Œ refdomain”j\ Œreftype”Œdoc”Œ refexplicit”ˆŒrefwarn”ˆj4 Œ system-wide”uh1hh³hÇh´Khj ubhŒ.”…””}”(hj h²hh³Nh´Nubeh }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j h³hÇh´Khj] h²hubj‘ )”}”(hX The other strategy, referred to as the :doc:`working-state power management
`, is based on adjusting the power states of individual hardware
components of the system, as needed, in the working state. In consequence, if
this strategy is in use, the working state of the system usually does not
correspond to any particular physical configuration of it, but can be treated as
a metastate covering a range of different power states of the system in which
the individual components of it can be either ``active`` (in use) or
``inactive`` (idle). If they are active, they have to be in power states
allowing them to process data and to be accessed by software. In turn, if they
are inactive, ideally, they should be in low-power states in which they may not
be accessible.”h]”(hŒ'The other strategy, referred to as the ”…””}”(hjx h²hh³Nh´Nubh)”}”(hŒ5:doc:`working-state power management
`”h]”j )”}”(hj‚ h]”hŒ working-state power management”…””}”(hj„ h²hh³Nh´Nubah }”(h ]”h ]”(j! Œstd”Œstd-doc”eh"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j hj€ ubah }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œrefdoc”j. Œ refdomain”jŽ Œreftype”Œdoc”Œ refexplicit”ˆŒrefwarn”ˆj4 Œ
working-state”uh1hh³hÇh´Khjx ubhX¦ , is based on adjusting the power states of individual hardware
components of the system, as needed, in the working state. In consequence, if
this strategy is in use, the working state of the system usually does not
correspond to any particular physical configuration of it, but can be treated as
a metastate covering a range of different power states of the system in which
the individual components of it can be either ”…””}”(hjx h²hh³Nh´Nubj; )”}”(hŒ
``active``”h]”hŒactive”…””}”(hj¤ h²hh³Nh´Nubah }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j: hjx ubhŒ
(in use) or
”…””}”(hjx h²hh³Nh´Nubj; )”}”(hŒ ``inactive``”h]”hŒinactive”…””}”(hj¶ h²hh³Nh´Nubah }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j: hjx ubhŒì (idle). If they are active, they have to be in power states
allowing them to process data and to be accessed by software. In turn, if they
are inactive, ideally, they should be in low-power states in which they may not
be accessible.”…””}”(hjx h²hh³Nh´Nubeh }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j h³hÇh´Khj] h²hubj‘ )”}”(hXM If all of the system components are active, the system as a whole is regarded as
"runtime active" and that situation typically corresponds to the maximum power
draw (or maximum energy usage) of it. If all of them are inactive, the system
as a whole is regarded as "runtime idle" which may be very close to a sleep
state from the physical system configuration and power draw perspective, but
then it takes much less time and effort to start executing user space code than
for the same system in a sleep state. However, transitions from sleep states
back to the working state can only be started by a limited set of devices, so
typically the system can spend much more time in a sleep state than it can be
runtime idle in one go. For this reason, systems usually use less energy in
sleep states than when they are runtime idle most of the time.”h]”hXU If all of the system components are active, the system as a whole is regarded as
“runtime active†and that situation typically corresponds to the maximum power
draw (or maximum energy usage) of it. If all of them are inactive, the system
as a whole is regarded as “runtime idle†which may be very close to a sleep
state from the physical system configuration and power draw perspective, but
then it takes much less time and effort to start executing user space code than
for the same system in a sleep state. However, transitions from sleep states
back to the working state can only be started by a limited set of devices, so
typically the system can spend much more time in a sleep state than it can be
runtime idle in one go. For this reason, systems usually use less energy in
sleep states than when they are runtime idle most of the time.”…””}”(hjÎ h²hh³Nh´Nubah }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j h³hÇh´K%hj] h²hubj‘ )”}”(hX< Moreover, the two power management strategies address different usage scenarios.
Namely, if the user indicates that the system will not be in use going forward,
for example by closing its lid (if the system is a laptop), it probably should
go into a sleep state at that point. On the other hand, if the user simply goes
away from the laptop keyboard, it probably should stay in the working state and
use the working-state power management in case it becomes idle, because the user
may come back to it at any time and then may want the system to be immediately
accessible.”h]”hX< Moreover, the two power management strategies address different usage scenarios.
Namely, if the user indicates that the system will not be in use going forward,
for example by closing its lid (if the system is a laptop), it probably should
go into a sleep state at that point. On the other hand, if the user simply goes
away from the laptop keyboard, it probably should stay in the working state and
use the working-state power management in case it becomes idle, because the user
may come back to it at any time and then may want the system to be immediately
accessible.”…””}”(hjÜ h²hh³Nh´Nubah }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j h³hÇh´K1hj] h²hubeh }”(h ]”Œpower-management-strategies”ah ]”h"]”Œpower management strategies”ah$]”h&]”uh1j[ hhh²hh³hÇh´Kubeh }”(h ]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œsource”hÇuh1hŒcurrent_source”NŒ current_line”NŒsettings”Œdocutils.frontend”ŒValues”“”)”}”(j` NŒ generator”NŒ datestamp”NŒ source_link”NŒ
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