€•…	     Œsphinx.addnodes”Œdocument”“”)”}”(Œ	rawsource”Œ ”Œchildren”]”(Œtranslations”ŒLanguagesNode”“”)”}”(hhh]”(h Œpending_xref”“”)”}”(hhh]”Œdocutils.nodes”ŒText”“”ŒChinese (Simplified)”…””}”Œparent”hsbaŒ
attributes”}”(Œids”]”Œclasses”]”Œnames”]”Œdupnames”]”Œbackrefs”]”Œ	refdomain”Œstd”Œreftype”Œdoc”Œ	reftarget”Œ3/translations/zh_CN/admin-guide/laptops/laptop-mode”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuŒtagname”hhhubh)”}”(hhh]”hŒChinese (Traditional)”…””}”hh2sbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œ	refdomain”h)Œreftype”h+Œ	reftarget”Œ3/translations/zh_TW/admin-guide/laptops/laptop-mode”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuh1hhhubh)”}”(hhh]”hŒItalian”…””}”hhFsbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œ	refdomain”h)Œreftype”h+Œ	reftarget”Œ3/translations/it_IT/admin-guide/laptops/laptop-mode”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuh1hhhubh)”}”(hhh]”hŒJapanese”…””}”hhZsbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œ	refdomain”h)Œreftype”h+Œ	reftarget”Œ3/translations/ja_JP/admin-guide/laptops/laptop-mode”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuh1hhhubh)”}”(hhh]”hŒKorean”…””}”hhnsbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œ	refdomain”h)Œreftype”h+Œ	reftarget”Œ3/translations/ko_KR/admin-guide/laptops/laptop-mode”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuh1hhhubh)”}”(hhh]”hŒSpanish”…””}”hh‚sbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œ	refdomain”h)Œreftype”h+Œ	reftarget”Œ3/translations/sp_SP/admin-guide/laptops/laptop-mode”Œmodname”NŒ	classname”NŒrefexplicit”ˆuh1hhhubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œcurrent_language”ŒEnglish”uh1h
hhŒ	_document”hŒsource”NŒline”NubhŒsection”“”)”}”(hhh]”(hŒtitle”“”)”}”(hŒ/How to conserve battery power using laptop-mode”h]”hŒ/How to conserve battery power using laptop-mode”…””}”(hh¨hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h¦hh£hžhhŸŒM/var/lib/git/docbuild/linux/Documentation/admin-guide/laptops/laptop-mode.rst”h KubhŒ	paragraph”“”)”}”(hŒ-Document Author: Bart Samwel (bart@samwel.tk)”h]”(hŒDocument Author: Bart Samwel (”…””}”(hh¹hžhhŸNh NubhŒ	reference”“”)”}”(hŒbart@samwel.tk”h]”hŒbart@samwel.tk”…””}”(hhÃhžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œrefuri”Œmailto:bart@samwel.tk”uh1hÁhh¹ubhŒ)”…””}”(hh¹hžhhŸNh Nubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Khh£hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒDate created: January 2, 2004”h]”hŒDate created: January 2, 2004”…””}”(hhÝhžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Khh£hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒ Last modified: December 06, 2004”h]”hŒ Last modified: December 06, 2004”…””}”(hhëhžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K	hh£hžhubh¢)”}”(hhh]”(h§)”}”(hŒIntroduction”h]”hŒIntroduction”…””}”(hhühžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h¦hhùhžhhŸh¶h Kubh¸)”}”(hŒ¯Laptop mode is used to minimize the time that the hard disk needs to be spun up,
to conserve battery power on laptops. It has been reported to cause significant
power savings.”h]”hŒ¯Laptop mode is used to minimize the time that the hard disk needs to be spun up,
to conserve battery power on laptops. It has been reported to cause significant
power savings.”…””}”(hj
  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h KhhùhžhubhŒcomment”“”)”}”(hŒ…Contents

* Introduction
* Installation
* Caveats
* The Details
* Tips & Tricks
* Control script
* ACPI integration
* Monitoring tool”h]”hŒ…Contents

* Introduction
* Installation
* Caveats
* The Details
* Tips & Tricks
* Control script
* ACPI integration
* Monitoring tool”…””}”hj  sbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œ	xml:space”Œpreserve”uh1j  hhùhžhhŸh¶h Kubeh}”(h]”Œintroduction”ah ]”h"]”Œintroduction”ah$]”h&]”uh1h¡hh£hžhhŸh¶h Kubh¢)”}”(hhh]”(h§)”}”(hŒInstallation”h]”hŒInstallation”…””}”(hj5  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h¦hj2  hžhhŸh¶h Kubh¸)”}”(hX#  To use laptop mode, you don't need to set any kernel configuration options
or anything. Simply install all the files included in this document, and
laptop mode will automatically be started when you're on battery. For
your convenience, a tarball containing an installer can be downloaded at:”h]”hX'  To use laptop mode, you donâ€™t need to set any kernel configuration options
or anything. Simply install all the files included in this document, and
laptop mode will automatically be started when youâ€™re on battery. For
your convenience, a tarball containing an installer can be downloaded at:”…””}”(hjC  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K!hj2  hžhubhŒblock_quote”“”)”}”(hŒ.http://www.samwel.tk/laptop_mode/laptop_mode/
”h]”h¸)”}”(hŒ-http://www.samwel.tk/laptop_mode/laptop_mode/”h]”hÂ)”}”(hjY  h]”hŒ-http://www.samwel.tk/laptop_mode/laptop_mode/”…””}”(hj[  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œrefuri”jY  uh1hÁhjW  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K&hjS  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1jQ  hŸh¶h K&hj2  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒ»To configure laptop mode, you need to edit the configuration file, which is
located in /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian-based systems, or in
/etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on other systems.”h]”hŒ»To configure laptop mode, you need to edit the configuration file, which is
located in /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian-based systems, or in
/etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on other systems.”…””}”(hju  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K(hj2  hžhubh¸)”}”(hX_  Unfortunately, automatic enabling of laptop mode does not work for
laptops that don't have ACPI. On those laptops, you need to start laptop
mode manually. To start laptop mode, run "laptop_mode start", and to
stop it, run "laptop_mode stop". (Note: The laptop mode tools package now
has experimental support for APM, you might want to try that first.)”h]”hXi  Unfortunately, automatic enabling of laptop mode does not work for
laptops that donâ€™t have ACPI. On those laptops, you need to start laptop
mode manually. To start laptop mode, run â€œlaptop_mode startâ€, and to
stop it, run â€œlaptop_mode stopâ€. (Note: The laptop mode tools package now
has experimental support for APM, you might want to try that first.)”…””}”(hjƒ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K,hj2  hžhubeh}”(h]”Œinstallation”ah ]”h"]”Œinstallation”ah$]”h&]”uh1h¡hh£hžhhŸh¶h Kubh¢)”}”(hhh]”(h§)”}”(hŒCaveats”h]”hŒCaveats”…””}”(hjœ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h¦hj™  hžhhŸh¶h K4ubhŒbullet_list”“”)”}”(hhh]”(hŒ	list_item”“”)”}”(hX#  The downside of laptop mode is that you have a chance of losing up to 10
minutes of work. If you cannot afford this, don't use it! The supplied ACPI
scripts automatically turn off laptop mode when the battery almost runs out,
so that you won't lose any data at the end of your battery life.
”h]”h¸)”}”(hX"  The downside of laptop mode is that you have a chance of losing up to 10
minutes of work. If you cannot afford this, don't use it! The supplied ACPI
scripts automatically turn off laptop mode when the battery almost runs out,
so that you won't lose any data at the end of your battery life.”h]”hX&  The downside of laptop mode is that you have a chance of losing up to 10
minutes of work. If you cannot afford this, donâ€™t use it! The supplied ACPI
scripts automatically turn off laptop mode when the battery almost runs out,
so that you wonâ€™t lose any data at the end of your battery life.”…””}”(hjµ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K6hj±  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j¯  hj¬  hžhhŸh¶h Nubj°  )”}”(hŒôMost desktop hard drives have a very limited lifetime measured in spindown
cycles, typically about 50.000 times (it's usually listed on the spec sheet).
Check your drive's rating, and don't wear down your drive's lifetime if you
don't need to.
”h]”h¸)”}”(hŒóMost desktop hard drives have a very limited lifetime measured in spindown
cycles, typically about 50.000 times (it's usually listed on the spec sheet).
Check your drive's rating, and don't wear down your drive's lifetime if you
don't need to.”h]”hŒýMost desktop hard drives have a very limited lifetime measured in spindown
cycles, typically about 50.000 times (itâ€™s usually listed on the spec sheet).
Check your driveâ€™s rating, and donâ€™t wear down your driveâ€™s lifetime if you
donâ€™t need to.”…””}”(hjÍ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K;hjÉ  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j¯  hj¬  hžhhŸh¶h Nubj°  )”}”(hX-  If you mount some of your ext3/reiserfs filesystems with the -n option, then
the control script will not be able to remount them correctly. You must set
DO_REMOUNTS=0 in the control script, otherwise it will remount them with the
wrong options -- or it will fail because it cannot write to /etc/mtab.
”h]”h¸)”}”(hX,  If you mount some of your ext3/reiserfs filesystems with the -n option, then
the control script will not be able to remount them correctly. You must set
DO_REMOUNTS=0 in the control script, otherwise it will remount them with the
wrong options -- or it will fail because it cannot write to /etc/mtab.”h]”hX,  If you mount some of your ext3/reiserfs filesystems with the -n option, then
the control script will not be able to remount them correctly. You must set
DO_REMOUNTS=0 in the control script, otherwise it will remount them with the
wrong options -- or it will fail because it cannot write to /etc/mtab.”…””}”(hjå  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K@hjá  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j¯  hj¬  hžhhŸh¶h Nubj°  )”}”(hŒÚIf you have your filesystems listed as type "auto" in fstab, like I did, then
the control script will not recognize them as filesystems that need remounting.
You must list the filesystems with their true type instead.
”h]”h¸)”}”(hŒÙIf you have your filesystems listed as type "auto" in fstab, like I did, then
the control script will not recognize them as filesystems that need remounting.
You must list the filesystems with their true type instead.”h]”hŒÝIf you have your filesystems listed as type â€œautoâ€ in fstab, like I did, then
the control script will not recognize them as filesystems that need remounting.
You must list the filesystems with their true type instead.”…””}”(hjý  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h KEhjù  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j¯  hj¬  hžhhŸh¶h Nubj°  )”}”(hX  It has been reported that some versions of the mutt mail client use file access
times to determine whether a folder contains new mail. If you use mutt and
experience this, you must disable the noatime remounting by setting the option
DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME to 0 in the configuration file.

”h]”h¸)”}”(hX  It has been reported that some versions of the mutt mail client use file access
times to determine whether a folder contains new mail. If you use mutt and
experience this, you must disable the noatime remounting by setting the option
DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME to 0 in the configuration file.”h]”hX  It has been reported that some versions of the mutt mail client use file access
times to determine whether a folder contains new mail. If you use mutt and
experience this, you must disable the noatime remounting by setting the option
DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME to 0 in the configuration file.”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h KIhj  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j¯  hj¬  hžhhŸh¶h Nubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œbullet”Œ*”uh1jª  hŸh¶h K6hj™  hžhubeh}”(h]”Œcaveats”ah ]”h"]”Œcaveats”ah$]”h&]”uh1h¡hh£hžhhŸh¶h K4ubh¢)”}”(hhh]”(h§)”}”(hŒThe Details”h]”hŒThe Details”…””}”(hj<  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h¦hj9  hžhhŸh¶h KPubh¸)”}”(hXÓ  Laptop mode is controlled by the knob /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode. This knob is
present for all kernels that have the laptop mode patch, regardless of any
configuration options. When the knob is set, any physical disk I/O (that might
have caused the hard disk to spin up) causes Linux to flush all dirty blocks. The
result of this is that after a disk has spun down, it will not be spun up
anymore to write dirty blocks, because those blocks had already been written
immediately after the most recent read operation. The value of the laptop_mode
knob determines the time between the occurrence of disk I/O and when the flush
is triggered. A sensible value for the knob is 5 seconds. Setting the knob to
0 disables laptop mode.”h]”hXÓ  Laptop mode is controlled by the knob /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode. This knob is
present for all kernels that have the laptop mode patch, regardless of any
configuration options. When the knob is set, any physical disk I/O (that might
have caused the hard disk to spin up) causes Linux to flush all dirty blocks. The
result of this is that after a disk has spun down, it will not be spun up
anymore to write dirty blocks, because those blocks had already been written
immediately after the most recent read operation. The value of the laptop_mode
knob determines the time between the occurrence of disk I/O and when the flush
is triggered. A sensible value for the knob is 5 seconds. Setting the knob to
0 disables laptop mode.”…””}”(hjJ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h KRhj9  hžhubh¸)”}”(hX  To increase the effectiveness of the laptop_mode strategy, the laptop_mode
control script increases dirty_expire_centisecs and dirty_writeback_centisecs in
/proc/sys/vm to about 10 minutes (by default), which means that pages that are
dirtied are not forced to be written to disk as often. The control script also
changes the dirty background ratio, so that background writeback of dirty pages
is not done anymore. Combined with a higher commit value (also 10 minutes) for
ext3 or ReiserFS filesystems (also done automatically by the control script),
this results in concentration of disk activity in a small time interval which
occurs only once every 10 minutes, or whenever the disk is forced to spin up by
a cache miss. The disk can then be spun down in the periods of inactivity.”h]”hX  To increase the effectiveness of the laptop_mode strategy, the laptop_mode
control script increases dirty_expire_centisecs and dirty_writeback_centisecs in
/proc/sys/vm to about 10 minutes (by default), which means that pages that are
dirtied are not forced to be written to disk as often. The control script also
changes the dirty background ratio, so that background writeback of dirty pages
is not done anymore. Combined with a higher commit value (also 10 minutes) for
ext3 or ReiserFS filesystems (also done automatically by the control script),
this results in concentration of disk activity in a small time interval which
occurs only once every 10 minutes, or whenever the disk is forced to spin up by
a cache miss. The disk can then be spun down in the periods of inactivity.”…””}”(hjX  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K]hj9  hžhubeh}”(h]”Œthe-details”ah ]”h"]”Œthe details”ah$]”h&]”uh1h¡hh£hžhhŸh¶h KPubh¢)”}”(hhh]”(h§)”}”(hŒConfiguration”h]”hŒConfiguration”…””}”(hjq  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h¦hjn  hžhhŸh¶h Kjubh¸)”}”(hŒ¸The laptop mode configuration file is located in /etc/default/laptop-mode on
Debian-based systems, or in /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on other systems. It
contains the following options:”h]”hŒ¸The laptop mode configuration file is located in /etc/default/laptop-mode on
Debian-based systems, or in /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on other systems. It
contains the following options:”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Klhjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒMAX_AGE:”h]”hŒMAX_AGE:”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Kphjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒÉMaximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
amount of work if your battery fails while you're in laptop mode.”h]”hŒÍMaximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
comfortable with. Worst case, itâ€™s possible that you could lose this
amount of work if your battery fails while youâ€™re in laptop mode.”…””}”(hj›  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Krhjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒMINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES:”h]”hŒMINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES:”…””}”(hj©  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Kvhjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒ…Automatically disable laptop mode if the remaining number of minutes of
battery power is less than this value. Default is 10 minutes.”h]”hŒ…Automatically disable laptop mode if the remaining number of minutes of
battery power is less than this value. Default is 10 minutes.”…””}”(hj·  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Kxhjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒAC_HD/BATT_HD:”h]”hŒAC_HD/BATT_HD:”…””}”(hjÅ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K{hjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hX.  The idle timeout that should be set on your hard drive when laptop mode
is active (BATT_HD) and when it is not active (AC_HD). The defaults are
20 seconds (value 4) for BATT_HD  and 2 hours (value 244) for AC_HD. The
possible values are those listed in the manual page for "hdparm" for the
"-S" option.”h]”hX6  The idle timeout that should be set on your hard drive when laptop mode
is active (BATT_HD) and when it is not active (AC_HD). The defaults are
20 seconds (value 4) for BATT_HD  and 2 hours (value 244) for AC_HD. The
possible values are those listed in the manual page for â€œhdparmâ€ for the
â€œ-Sâ€ option.”…””}”(hjÓ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K}hjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒHD:”h]”hŒHD:”…””}”(hjá  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Kƒhjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒThe devices for which the spindown timeout should be adjusted by laptop mode.
Default is /dev/hda. If you specify multiple devices, separate them by a space.”h]”hŒThe devices for which the spindown timeout should be adjusted by laptop mode.
Default is /dev/hda. If you specify multiple devices, separate them by a space.”…””}”(hjï  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K…hjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒ
READAHEAD:”h]”hŒ
READAHEAD:”…””}”(hjý  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Kˆhjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒñDisk readahead, in 512-byte sectors, while laptop mode is active. A large
readahead can prevent disk accesses for things like executable pages (which are
loaded on demand while the application executes) and sequentially accessed data
(MP3s).”h]”hŒñDisk readahead, in 512-byte sectors, while laptop mode is active. A large
readahead can prevent disk accesses for things like executable pages (which are
loaded on demand while the application executes) and sequentially accessed data
(MP3s).”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h KŠhjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒDO_REMOUNTS:”h]”hŒDO_REMOUNTS:”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Khjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒ­The control script automatically remounts any mounted journaled filesystems
with appropriate commit interval options. When this option is set to 0, this
feature is disabled.”h]”hŒ­The control script automatically remounts any mounted journaled filesystems
with appropriate commit interval options. When this option is set to 0, this
feature is disabled.”…””}”(hj'  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K‘hjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒDO_REMOUNT_NOATIME:”h]”hŒDO_REMOUNT_NOATIME:”…””}”(hj5  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K•hjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒ³When remounting, should the filesystems be remounted with the noatime option?
Normally, this is set to "1" (enabled), but there may be programs that require
access time recording.”h]”hŒ·When remounting, should the filesystems be remounted with the noatime option?
Normally, this is set to â€œ1â€ (enabled), but there may be programs that require
access time recording.”…””}”(hjC  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K—hjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒDIRTY_RATIO:”h]”hŒDIRTY_RATIO:”…””}”(hjQ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K›hjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒºThe percentage of memory that is allowed to contain "dirty" or unsaved data
before a writeback is forced, while laptop mode is active. Corresponds to
the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio sysctl.”h]”hŒ¾The percentage of memory that is allowed to contain â€œdirtyâ€ or unsaved data
before a writeback is forced, while laptop mode is active. Corresponds to
the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio sysctl.”…””}”(hj_  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Khjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒDIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:”h]”hŒDIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:”…””}”(hjm  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K¡hjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒëThe percentage of memory that is allowed to contain "dirty" or unsaved data
after a forced writeback is done due to an exceeding of DIRTY_RATIO. Set
this nice and low. This corresponds to the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
sysctl.”h]”hŒïThe percentage of memory that is allowed to contain â€œdirtyâ€ or unsaved data
after a forced writeback is done due to an exceeding of DIRTY_RATIO. Set
this nice and low. This corresponds to the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
sysctl.”…””}”(hj{  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K£hjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hX¤  Note that the behaviour of dirty_background_ratio is quite different
when laptop mode is active and when it isn't. When laptop mode is inactive,
dirty_background_ratio is the threshold percentage at which background writeouts
start taking place. When laptop mode is active, however, background writeouts
are disabled, and the dirty_background_ratio only determines how much writeback
is done when dirty_ratio is reached.”h]”hX¦  Note that the behaviour of dirty_background_ratio is quite different
when laptop mode is active and when it isnâ€™t. When laptop mode is inactive,
dirty_background_ratio is the threshold percentage at which background writeouts
start taking place. When laptop mode is active, however, background writeouts
are disabled, and the dirty_background_ratio only determines how much writeback
is done when dirty_ratio is reached.”…””}”(hj‰  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K¨hjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒDO_CPU:”h]”hŒDO_CPU:”…””}”(hj—  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K¯hjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒ¢Enable CPU frequency scaling when in laptop mode. (Requires CPUFreq to be setup.
See Documentation/admin-guide/pm/cpufreq.rst for more info. Disabled by default.)”h]”hŒ¢Enable CPU frequency scaling when in laptop mode. (Requires CPUFreq to be setup.
See Documentation/admin-guide/pm/cpufreq.rst for more info. Disabled by default.)”…””}”(hj¥  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K±hjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒCPU_MAXFREQ:”h]”hŒCPU_MAXFREQ:”…””}”(hj³  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K´hjn  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒùWhen on battery, what is the maximum CPU speed that the system should use? Legal
values are "slowest" for the slowest speed that your CPU is able to operate at,
or a value listed in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies.”h]”hŒýWhen on battery, what is the maximum CPU speed that the system should use? Legal
values are â€œslowestâ€ for the slowest speed that your CPU is able to operate at,
or a value listed in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies.”…””}”(hjÁ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K¶hjn  hžhubeh}”(h]”Œconfiguration”ah ]”h"]”Œconfiguration”ah$]”h&]”uh1h¡hh£hžhhŸh¶h Kjubh¢)”}”(hhh]”(h§)”}”(hŒTips & Tricks”h]”hŒTips & Tricks”…””}”(hjÚ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h¦hj×  hžhhŸh¶h K¼ubj«  )”}”(hhh]”(j°  )”}”(hŒ›Bartek Kania reports getting up to 50 minutes of extra battery life (on top
of his regular 3 to 3.5 hours) using a spindown time of 5 seconds (BATT_HD=1).
”h]”h¸)”}”(hŒšBartek Kania reports getting up to 50 minutes of extra battery life (on top
of his regular 3 to 3.5 hours) using a spindown time of 5 seconds (BATT_HD=1).”h]”hŒšBartek Kania reports getting up to 50 minutes of extra battery life (on top
of his regular 3 to 3.5 hours) using a spindown time of 5 seconds (BATT_HD=1).”…””}”(hjï  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h K¾hjë  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j¯  hjè  hžhhŸh¶h Nubj°  )”}”(hŒæYou can spin down the disk while playing MP3, by setting disk readahead
to 8MB (READAHEAD=16384). Effectively, the disk will read a complete MP3 at
once, and will then spin down while the MP3 is playing. (Thanks to Bartek
Kania.)
”h]”h¸)”}”(hŒåYou can spin down the disk while playing MP3, by setting disk readahead
to 8MB (READAHEAD=16384). Effectively, the disk will read a complete MP3 at
once, and will then spin down while the MP3 is playing. (Thanks to Bartek
Kania.)”h]”hŒåYou can spin down the disk while playing MP3, by setting disk readahead
to 8MB (READAHEAD=16384). Effectively, the disk will read a complete MP3 at
once, and will then spin down while the MP3 is playing. (Thanks to Bartek
Kania.)”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h KÁhj  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j¯  hjè  hžhhŸh¶h Nubj°  )”}”(hX  Drew Scott Daniels observed: "I don't know why, but when I decrease the number
of colours that my display uses it consumes less battery power. I've seen
this on powerbooks too. I hope that this is a piece of information that
might be useful to the Laptop Mode patch or its users."
”h]”h¸)”}”(hX  Drew Scott Daniels observed: "I don't know why, but when I decrease the number
of colours that my display uses it consumes less battery power. I've seen
this on powerbooks too. I hope that this is a piece of information that
might be useful to the Laptop Mode patch or its users."”h]”hX   Drew Scott Daniels observed: â€œI donâ€™t know why, but when I decrease the number
of colours that my display uses it consumes less battery power. Iâ€™ve seen
this on powerbooks too. I hope that this is a piece of information that
might be useful to the Laptop Mode patch or its users.â€”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h KÆhj  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j¯  hjè  hžhhŸh¶h Nubj°  )”}”(hŒ¾In syslog.conf, you can prefix entries with a dash `-` to omit syncing the
file after every logging. When you're using laptop-mode and your disk doesn't
spin down, this is a likely culprit.
”h]”h¸)”}”(hŒ½In syslog.conf, you can prefix entries with a dash `-` to omit syncing the
file after every logging. When you're using laptop-mode and your disk doesn't
spin down, this is a likely culprit.”h]”(hŒ3In syslog.conf, you can prefix entries with a dash ”…””}”(hj7  hžhhŸNh NubhŒtitle_reference”“”)”}”(hŒ`-`”h]”hŒ-”…””}”(hjA  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j?  hj7  ubhŒ‹ to omit syncing the
file after every logging. When youâ€™re using laptop-mode and your disk doesnâ€™t
spin down, this is a likely culprit.”…””}”(hj7  hžhhŸNh Nubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h KËhj3  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j¯  hjè  hžhhŸh¶h Nubj°  )”}”(hŒ±Richard Atterer observed that laptop mode does not work well with noflushd
(http://noflushd.sourceforge.net/), it seems that noflushd prevents laptop-mode
from doing its thing.
”h]”h¸)”}”(hŒ°Richard Atterer observed that laptop mode does not work well with noflushd
(http://noflushd.sourceforge.net/), it seems that noflushd prevents laptop-mode
from doing its thing.”h]”(hŒLRichard Atterer observed that laptop mode does not work well with noflushd
(”…””}”(hjc  hžhhŸNh NubhÂ)”}”(hŒ http://noflushd.sourceforge.net/”h]”hŒ http://noflushd.sourceforge.net/”…””}”(hjk  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œrefuri”jm  uh1hÁhjc  ubhŒD), it seems that noflushd prevents laptop-mode
from doing its thing.”…””}”(hjc  hžhhŸNh Nubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h KÏhj_  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j¯  hjè  hžhhŸh¶h Nubj°  )”}”(hXL  If you're worried about your data, you might want to consider using a USB
memory stick or something like that as a "working area". (Be aware though
that flash memory can only handle a limited number of writes, and overuse
may wear out your memory stick pretty quickly. Do _not_ use journalling
filesystems on flash memory sticks.)

”h]”h¸)”}”(hXJ  If you're worried about your data, you might want to consider using a USB
memory stick or something like that as a "working area". (Be aware though
that flash memory can only handle a limited number of writes, and overuse
may wear out your memory stick pretty quickly. Do _not_ use journalling
filesystems on flash memory sticks.)”h]”hXP  If youâ€™re worried about your data, you might want to consider using a USB
memory stick or something like that as a â€œworking areaâ€. (Be aware though
that flash memory can only handle a limited number of writes, and overuse
may wear out your memory stick pretty quickly. Do _not_ use journalling
filesystems on flash memory sticks.)”…””}”(hjŽ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h KÓhjŠ  ubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1j¯  hjè  hžhhŸh¶h Nubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”j/  j0  uh1jª  hŸh¶h K¾hj×  hžhubeh}”(h]”Œtips-tricks”ah ]”h"]”Œtips & tricks”ah$]”h&]”uh1h¡hh£hžhhŸh¶h K¼ubh¢)”}”(hhh]”(h§)”}”(hŒ7Configuration file for control and ACPI battery scripts”h]”hŒ7Configuration file for control and ACPI battery scripts”…””}”(hj³  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h¦hj°  hžhhŸh¶h KÛubh¸)”}”(hŒYThis allows the tunables to be changed for the scripts via an external
configuration file”h]”hŒYThis allows the tunables to be changed for the scripts via an external
configuration file”…””}”(hjÁ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h KÝhj°  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒ’It should be installed as /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian, and as
/etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on Red Hat, SUSE, Mandrake, and other work-alikes.”h]”hŒ’It should be installed as /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian, and as
/etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on Red Hat, SUSE, Mandrake, and other work-alikes.”…””}”(hjÏ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Kàhj°  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒConfig file::”h]”hŒConfig file:”…””}”(hjÝ  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h Kãhj°  hžhubhŒliteral_block”“”)”}”(hX
  # Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
# comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
# amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode.
#MAX_AGE=600

# Automatically disable laptop mode when the number of minutes of battery
# that you have left goes below this threshold.
MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES=10

# Read-ahead, in 512-byte sectors. You can spin down the disk while playing MP3/OGG
# by setting the disk readahead to 8MB (READAHEAD=16384). Effectively, the disk
# will read a complete MP3 at once, and will then spin down while the MP3/OGG is
# playing.
#READAHEAD=4096

# Shall we remount journaled fs. with appropriate commit interval? (1=yes)
#DO_REMOUNTS=1

# And shall we add the "noatime" option to that as well? (1=yes)
#DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=1

# Dirty synchronous ratio.  At this percentage of dirty pages the process
# which
# calls write() does its own writeback
#DIRTY_RATIO=40

#
# Allowed dirty background ratio, in percent.  Once DIRTY_RATIO has been
# exceeded, the kernel will wake flusher threads which will then reduce the
# amount of dirty memory to dirty_background_ratio.  Set this nice and low,
# so once some writeout has commenced, we do a lot of it.
#
#DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=5

# kernel default dirty buffer age
#DEF_AGE=30
#DEF_UPDATE=5
#DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=10
#DEF_DIRTY_RATIO=40
#DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER=15
#DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL=30
#DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL=1

# This must be adjusted manually to the value of HZ in the running kernel
# on 2.4, until the XFS people change their 2.4 external interfaces to work in
# centisecs. This can be automated, but it's a work in progress that still
# needs# some fixes. On 2.6 kernels, XFS uses USER_HZ instead of HZ for
# external interfaces, and that is currently always set to 100. So you don't
# need to change this on 2.6.
#XFS_HZ=100

# Should the maximum CPU frequency be adjusted down while on battery?
# Requires CPUFreq to be setup.
# See Documentation/admin-guide/pm/cpufreq.rst for more info
#DO_CPU=0

# When on battery what is the maximum CPU speed that the system should
# use? Legal values are "slowest" for the slowest speed that your
# CPU is able to operate at, or a value listed in:
# /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies
# Only applicable if DO_CPU=1.
#CPU_MAXFREQ=slowest

# Idle timeout for your hard drive (man hdparm for valid values, -S option)
# Default is 2 hours on AC (AC_HD=244) and 20 seconds for battery (BATT_HD=4).
#AC_HD=244
#BATT_HD=4

# The drives for which to adjust the idle timeout. Separate them by a space,
# e.g. HD="/dev/hda /dev/hdb".
#HD="/dev/hda"

# Set the spindown timeout on a hard drive?
#DO_HD=1”h]”hX
  # Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
# comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
# amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode.
#MAX_AGE=600

# Automatically disable laptop mode when the number of minutes of battery
# that you have left goes below this threshold.
MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES=10

# Read-ahead, in 512-byte sectors. You can spin down the disk while playing MP3/OGG
# by setting the disk readahead to 8MB (READAHEAD=16384). Effectively, the disk
# will read a complete MP3 at once, and will then spin down while the MP3/OGG is
# playing.
#READAHEAD=4096

# Shall we remount journaled fs. with appropriate commit interval? (1=yes)
#DO_REMOUNTS=1

# And shall we add the "noatime" option to that as well? (1=yes)
#DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=1

# Dirty synchronous ratio.  At this percentage of dirty pages the process
# which
# calls write() does its own writeback
#DIRTY_RATIO=40

#
# Allowed dirty background ratio, in percent.  Once DIRTY_RATIO has been
# exceeded, the kernel will wake flusher threads which will then reduce the
# amount of dirty memory to dirty_background_ratio.  Set this nice and low,
# so once some writeout has commenced, we do a lot of it.
#
#DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=5

# kernel default dirty buffer age
#DEF_AGE=30
#DEF_UPDATE=5
#DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=10
#DEF_DIRTY_RATIO=40
#DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER=15
#DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL=30
#DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL=1

# This must be adjusted manually to the value of HZ in the running kernel
# on 2.4, until the XFS people change their 2.4 external interfaces to work in
# centisecs. This can be automated, but it's a work in progress that still
# needs# some fixes. On 2.6 kernels, XFS uses USER_HZ instead of HZ for
# external interfaces, and that is currently always set to 100. So you don't
# need to change this on 2.6.
#XFS_HZ=100

# Should the maximum CPU frequency be adjusted down while on battery?
# Requires CPUFreq to be setup.
# See Documentation/admin-guide/pm/cpufreq.rst for more info
#DO_CPU=0

# When on battery what is the maximum CPU speed that the system should
# use? Legal values are "slowest" for the slowest speed that your
# CPU is able to operate at, or a value listed in:
# /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies
# Only applicable if DO_CPU=1.
#CPU_MAXFREQ=slowest

# Idle timeout for your hard drive (man hdparm for valid values, -S option)
# Default is 2 hours on AC (AC_HD=244) and 20 seconds for battery (BATT_HD=4).
#AC_HD=244
#BATT_HD=4

# The drives for which to adjust the idle timeout. Separate them by a space,
# e.g. HD="/dev/hda /dev/hdb".
#HD="/dev/hda"

# Set the spindown timeout on a hard drive?
#DO_HD=1”…””}”hjí  sbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”j(  j)  uh1jë  hŸh¶h Kåhj°  hžhubeh}”(h]”Œ7configuration-file-for-control-and-acpi-battery-scripts”ah ]”h"]”Œ7configuration file for control and acpi battery scripts”ah$]”h&]”uh1h¡hh£hžhhŸh¶h KÛubh¢)”}”(hhh]”(h§)”}”(hŒControl script”h]”hŒControl script”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h¦hj  hžhhŸh¶h M2ubh¸)”}”(hŒcPlease note that this control script works for the Linux 2.4 and 2.6 series (thanks
to Kiko Piris).”h]”hŒcPlease note that this control script works for the Linux 2.4 and 2.6 series (thanks
to Kiko Piris).”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h M4hj  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒControl script::”h]”hŒControl script:”…””}”(hj"  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h M7hj  hžhubjì  )”}”(hXA=  #!/bin/bash

# start or stop laptop_mode, best run by a power management daemon when
# ac gets connected/disconnected from a laptop
#
# install as /sbin/laptop_mode
#
# Contributors to this script:   Kiko Piris
#                              Bart Samwel
#                              Micha Feigin
#                              Andrew Morton
#                              Herve Eychenne
#                              Dax Kelson
#
# Original Linux 2.4 version by: Jens Axboe

#############################################################################

# Source config
if [ -f /etc/default/laptop-mode ] ; then
      # Debian
      . /etc/default/laptop-mode
elif [ -f /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode ] ; then
      # Others
        . /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode
fi

# Don't raise an error if the config file is incomplete
# set defaults instead:

# Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
# comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
# amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode.
MAX_AGE=${MAX_AGE:-'600'}

# Read-ahead, in kilobytes
READAHEAD=${READAHEAD:-'4096'}

# Shall we remount journaled fs. with appropriate commit interval? (1=yes)
DO_REMOUNTS=${DO_REMOUNTS:-'1'}

# And shall we add the "noatime" option to that as well? (1=yes)
DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=${DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME:-'1'}

# Shall we adjust the idle timeout on a hard drive?
DO_HD=${DO_HD:-'1'}

# Adjust idle timeout on which hard drive?
HD="${HD:-'/dev/hda'}"

# spindown time for HD (hdparm -S values)
AC_HD=${AC_HD:-'244'}
BATT_HD=${BATT_HD:-'4'}

# Dirty synchronous ratio.  At this percentage of dirty pages the process which
# calls write() does its own writeback
DIRTY_RATIO=${DIRTY_RATIO:-'40'}

# cpu frequency scaling
# See Documentation/admin-guide/pm/cpufreq.rst for more info
DO_CPU=${CPU_MANAGE:-'0'}
CPU_MAXFREQ=${CPU_MAXFREQ:-'slowest'}

#
# Allowed dirty background ratio, in percent.  Once DIRTY_RATIO has been
# exceeded, the kernel will wake flusher threads which will then reduce the
# amount of dirty memory to dirty_background_ratio.  Set this nice and low,
# so once some writeout has commenced, we do a lot of it.
#
DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=${DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:-'5'}

# kernel default dirty buffer age
DEF_AGE=${DEF_AGE:-'30'}
DEF_UPDATE=${DEF_UPDATE:-'5'}
DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=${DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:-'10'}
DEF_DIRTY_RATIO=${DEF_DIRTY_RATIO:-'40'}
DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER=${DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER:-'15'}
DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL=${DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL:-'30'}
DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL=${DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL:-'1'}

# This must be adjusted manually to the value of HZ in the running kernel
# on 2.4, until the XFS people change their 2.4 external interfaces to work in
# centisecs. This can be automated, but it's a work in progress that still needs
# some fixes. On 2.6 kernels, XFS uses USER_HZ instead of HZ for external
# interfaces, and that is currently always set to 100. So you don't need to
# change this on 2.6.
XFS_HZ=${XFS_HZ:-'100'}

#############################################################################

KLEVEL="$(uname -r |
             {
             IFS='.' read a b c
             echo $a.$b
           }
)"
case "$KLEVEL" in
      "2.4"|"2.6")
              ;;
      *)
              echo "Unhandled kernel version: $KLEVEL ('uname -r' = '$(uname -r)')" >&2
              exit 1
              ;;
esac

if [ ! -e /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ] ; then
      echo "Kernel is not patched with laptop_mode patch." >&2
      exit 1
fi

if [ ! -w /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ] ; then
      echo "You do not have enough privileges to enable laptop_mode." >&2
      exit 1
fi

# Remove an option (the first parameter) of the form option=<number> from
# a mount options string (the rest of the parameters).
parse_mount_opts () {
      OPT="$1"
      shift
      echo ",$*," | sed               \
       -e 's/,'"$OPT"'=[0-9]*,/,/g'   \
       -e 's/,,*/,/g'                 \
       -e 's/^,//'                    \
       -e 's/,$//'
}

# Remove an option (the first parameter) without any arguments from
# a mount option string (the rest of the parameters).
parse_nonumber_mount_opts () {
      OPT="$1"
      shift
      echo ",$*," | sed               \
       -e 's/,'"$OPT"',/,/g'          \
       -e 's/,,*/,/g'                 \
       -e 's/^,//'                    \
       -e 's/,$//'
}

# Find out the state of a yes/no option (e.g. "atime"/"noatime") in
# fstab for a given filesystem, and use this state to replace the
# value of the option in another mount options string. The device
# is the first argument, the option name the second, and the default
# value the third. The remainder is the mount options string.
#
# Example:
# parse_yesno_opts_wfstab /dev/hda1 atime atime defaults,noatime
#
# If fstab contains, say, "rw" for this filesystem, then the result
# will be "defaults,atime".
parse_yesno_opts_wfstab () {
      L_DEV="$1"
      OPT="$2"
      DEF_OPT="$3"
      shift 3
      L_OPTS="$*"
      PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_nonumber_mount_opts $OPT $L_OPTS)"
      PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_nonumber_mount_opts no$OPT $PARSEDOPTS1)"
      # Watch for a default atime in fstab
      FSTAB_OPTS="$(awk '$1 == "'$L_DEV'" { print $4 }' /etc/fstab)"
      if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "$OPT" > /dev/null ; then
              # option specified in fstab: extract the value and use it
              if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "no$OPT" > /dev/null ; then
                      echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,no$OPT"
              else
                      # no$OPT not found -- so we must have $OPT.
                      echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT"
              fi
      else
              # option not specified in fstab -- choose the default.
              echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$DEF_OPT"
      fi
}

# Find out the state of a numbered option (e.g. "commit=NNN") in
# fstab for a given filesystem, and use this state to replace the
# value of the option in another mount options string. The device
# is the first argument, and the option name the second. The
# remainder is the mount options string in which the replacement
# must be done.
#
# Example:
# parse_mount_opts_wfstab /dev/hda1 commit defaults,commit=7
#
# If fstab contains, say, "commit=3,rw" for this filesystem, then the
# result will be "rw,commit=3".
parse_mount_opts_wfstab () {
      L_DEV="$1"
      OPT="$2"
      shift 2
      L_OPTS="$*"
      PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_mount_opts $OPT $L_OPTS)"
      # Watch for a default commit in fstab
      FSTAB_OPTS="$(awk '$1 == "'$L_DEV'" { print $4 }' /etc/fstab)"
      if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "$OPT=" > /dev/null ; then
              # option specified in fstab: extract the value, and use it
              echo -n "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT="
              echo ",$FSTAB_OPTS," | sed \
               -e 's/.*,'"$OPT"'=//'  \
               -e 's/,.*//'
      else
              # option not specified in fstab: set it to 0
              echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT=0"
      fi
}

deduce_fstype () {
      MP="$1"
      # My root filesystem unfortunately has
      # type "unknown" in /etc/mtab. If we encounter
      # "unknown", we try to get the type from fstab.
      cat /etc/fstab |
      grep -v '^#' |
      while read FSTAB_DEV FSTAB_MP FSTAB_FST FSTAB_OPTS FSTAB_DUMP FSTAB_DUMP ; do
              if [ "$FSTAB_MP" = "$MP" ]; then
                      echo $FSTAB_FST
                      exit 0
              fi
      done
}

if [ $DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME -eq 1 ] ; then
      NOATIME_OPT=",noatime"
fi

case "$1" in
      start)
              AGE=$((100*$MAX_AGE))
              XFS_AGE=$(($XFS_HZ*$MAX_AGE))
              echo -n "Starting laptop_mode"

              if [ -d /proc/sys/vm/pagebuf ] ; then
                      # (For 2.4 and early 2.6.)
                      # This only needs to be set, not reset -- it is only used when
                      # laptop mode is enabled.
                      echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/vm/pagebuf/lm_flush_age
                      echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_sync_interval
              elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer ] ; then
                      # (A couple of early 2.6 laptop mode patches had these.)
                      # The same goes for these.
                      echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer
                      echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_sync_interval
              elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer ] ; then
                      # (2.6.6)
                      # But not for these -- they are also used in normal
                      # operation.
                      echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer
                      echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/sync_interval
              elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs ] ; then
                      # (2.6.7 upwards)
                      # And not for these either. These are in centisecs,
                      # not USER_HZ, so we have to use $AGE, not $XFS_AGE.
                      echo $AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs
                      echo $AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfssyncd_centisecs
                      echo 3000 > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfsbufd_centisecs
              fi

              case "$KLEVEL" in
                      "2.4")
                              echo 1                                  > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
                              echo "30 500 0 0 $AGE $AGE 60 20 0"     > /proc/sys/vm/bdflush
                              ;;
                      "2.6")
                              echo 5                                  > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
                              echo "$AGE"                             > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs
                              echo "$AGE"                             > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs
                              echo "$DIRTY_RATIO"                     > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio
                              echo "$DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO"          > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
                              ;;
              esac
              if [ $DO_REMOUNTS -eq 1 ]; then
                      cat /etc/mtab | while read DEV MP FST OPTS DUMP PASS ; do
                              PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts "$OPTS")"
                              if [ "$FST" = 'unknown' ]; then
                                      FST=$(deduce_fstype $MP)
                              fi
                              case "$FST" in
                                      "ext3"|"reiserfs")
                                              PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts commit "$OPTS")"
                                              mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS,commit=$MAX_AGE$NOATIME_OPT
                                              ;;
                                      "xfs")
                                              mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$OPTS$NOATIME_OPT
                                              ;;
                              esac
                              if [ -b $DEV ] ; then
                                      blockdev --setra $(($READAHEAD * 2)) $DEV
                              fi
                      done
              fi
              if [ $DO_HD -eq 1 ] ; then
                      for THISHD in $HD ; do
                              /sbin/hdparm -S $BATT_HD $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
                              /sbin/hdparm -B 1 $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
                      done
              fi
              if [ $DO_CPU -eq 1 -a -e /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq ]; then
                      if [ $CPU_MAXFREQ = 'slowest' ]; then
                              CPU_MAXFREQ=`cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq`
                      fi
                      echo $CPU_MAXFREQ > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq
              fi
              echo "."
              ;;
      stop)
              U_AGE=$((100*$DEF_UPDATE))
              B_AGE=$((100*$DEF_AGE))
              echo -n "Stopping laptop_mode"
              echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
              if [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer -a ! -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer ] ; then
                      # These need to be restored, if there are no lm_*.
                      echo $(($XFS_HZ*$DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER))           > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer
                      echo $(($XFS_HZ*$DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL))        > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/sync_interval
              elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs ] ; then
                      # These need to be restored as well.
                      echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER))       > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs
                      echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL))    > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfssyncd_centisecs
                      echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL))    > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfsbufd_centisecs
              fi
              case "$KLEVEL" in
                      "2.4")
                              echo "30 500 0 0 $U_AGE $B_AGE 60 20 0" > /proc/sys/vm/bdflush
                              ;;
                      "2.6")
                              echo "$U_AGE"                           > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs
                              echo "$B_AGE"                           > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs
                              echo "$DEF_DIRTY_RATIO"                 > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio
                              echo "$DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO"      > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
                              ;;
              esac
              if [ $DO_REMOUNTS -eq 1 ] ; then
                      cat /etc/mtab | while read DEV MP FST OPTS DUMP PASS ; do
                              # Reset commit and atime options to defaults.
                              if [ "$FST" = 'unknown' ]; then
                                      FST=$(deduce_fstype $MP)
                              fi
                              case "$FST" in
                                      "ext3"|"reiserfs")
                                              PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts_wfstab $DEV commit $OPTS)"
                                              PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_yesno_opts_wfstab $DEV atime atime $PARSEDOPTS)"
                                              mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS
                                              ;;
                                      "xfs")
                                              PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_yesno_opts_wfstab $DEV atime atime $OPTS)"
                                              mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS
                                              ;;
                              esac
                              if [ -b $DEV ] ; then
                                      blockdev --setra 256 $DEV
                              fi
                      done
              fi
              if [ $DO_HD -eq 1 ] ; then
                      for THISHD in $HD ; do
                              /sbin/hdparm -S $AC_HD $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
                              /sbin/hdparm -B 255 $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
                      done
              fi
              if [ $DO_CPU -eq 1 -a -e /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq ]; then
                      echo `cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_max_freq` > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq
              fi
              echo "."
              ;;
      *)
              echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}" 2>&1
              exit 1
              ;;

esac

exit 0”h]”hXA=  #!/bin/bash

# start or stop laptop_mode, best run by a power management daemon when
# ac gets connected/disconnected from a laptop
#
# install as /sbin/laptop_mode
#
# Contributors to this script:   Kiko Piris
#                              Bart Samwel
#                              Micha Feigin
#                              Andrew Morton
#                              Herve Eychenne
#                              Dax Kelson
#
# Original Linux 2.4 version by: Jens Axboe

#############################################################################

# Source config
if [ -f /etc/default/laptop-mode ] ; then
      # Debian
      . /etc/default/laptop-mode
elif [ -f /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode ] ; then
      # Others
        . /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode
fi

# Don't raise an error if the config file is incomplete
# set defaults instead:

# Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
# comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
# amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode.
MAX_AGE=${MAX_AGE:-'600'}

# Read-ahead, in kilobytes
READAHEAD=${READAHEAD:-'4096'}

# Shall we remount journaled fs. with appropriate commit interval? (1=yes)
DO_REMOUNTS=${DO_REMOUNTS:-'1'}

# And shall we add the "noatime" option to that as well? (1=yes)
DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=${DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME:-'1'}

# Shall we adjust the idle timeout on a hard drive?
DO_HD=${DO_HD:-'1'}

# Adjust idle timeout on which hard drive?
HD="${HD:-'/dev/hda'}"

# spindown time for HD (hdparm -S values)
AC_HD=${AC_HD:-'244'}
BATT_HD=${BATT_HD:-'4'}

# Dirty synchronous ratio.  At this percentage of dirty pages the process which
# calls write() does its own writeback
DIRTY_RATIO=${DIRTY_RATIO:-'40'}

# cpu frequency scaling
# See Documentation/admin-guide/pm/cpufreq.rst for more info
DO_CPU=${CPU_MANAGE:-'0'}
CPU_MAXFREQ=${CPU_MAXFREQ:-'slowest'}

#
# Allowed dirty background ratio, in percent.  Once DIRTY_RATIO has been
# exceeded, the kernel will wake flusher threads which will then reduce the
# amount of dirty memory to dirty_background_ratio.  Set this nice and low,
# so once some writeout has commenced, we do a lot of it.
#
DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=${DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:-'5'}

# kernel default dirty buffer age
DEF_AGE=${DEF_AGE:-'30'}
DEF_UPDATE=${DEF_UPDATE:-'5'}
DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=${DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:-'10'}
DEF_DIRTY_RATIO=${DEF_DIRTY_RATIO:-'40'}
DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER=${DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER:-'15'}
DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL=${DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL:-'30'}
DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL=${DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL:-'1'}

# This must be adjusted manually to the value of HZ in the running kernel
# on 2.4, until the XFS people change their 2.4 external interfaces to work in
# centisecs. This can be automated, but it's a work in progress that still needs
# some fixes. On 2.6 kernels, XFS uses USER_HZ instead of HZ for external
# interfaces, and that is currently always set to 100. So you don't need to
# change this on 2.6.
XFS_HZ=${XFS_HZ:-'100'}

#############################################################################

KLEVEL="$(uname -r |
             {
             IFS='.' read a b c
             echo $a.$b
           }
)"
case "$KLEVEL" in
      "2.4"|"2.6")
              ;;
      *)
              echo "Unhandled kernel version: $KLEVEL ('uname -r' = '$(uname -r)')" >&2
              exit 1
              ;;
esac

if [ ! -e /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ] ; then
      echo "Kernel is not patched with laptop_mode patch." >&2
      exit 1
fi

if [ ! -w /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ] ; then
      echo "You do not have enough privileges to enable laptop_mode." >&2
      exit 1
fi

# Remove an option (the first parameter) of the form option=<number> from
# a mount options string (the rest of the parameters).
parse_mount_opts () {
      OPT="$1"
      shift
      echo ",$*," | sed               \
       -e 's/,'"$OPT"'=[0-9]*,/,/g'   \
       -e 's/,,*/,/g'                 \
       -e 's/^,//'                    \
       -e 's/,$//'
}

# Remove an option (the first parameter) without any arguments from
# a mount option string (the rest of the parameters).
parse_nonumber_mount_opts () {
      OPT="$1"
      shift
      echo ",$*," | sed               \
       -e 's/,'"$OPT"',/,/g'          \
       -e 's/,,*/,/g'                 \
       -e 's/^,//'                    \
       -e 's/,$//'
}

# Find out the state of a yes/no option (e.g. "atime"/"noatime") in
# fstab for a given filesystem, and use this state to replace the
# value of the option in another mount options string. The device
# is the first argument, the option name the second, and the default
# value the third. The remainder is the mount options string.
#
# Example:
# parse_yesno_opts_wfstab /dev/hda1 atime atime defaults,noatime
#
# If fstab contains, say, "rw" for this filesystem, then the result
# will be "defaults,atime".
parse_yesno_opts_wfstab () {
      L_DEV="$1"
      OPT="$2"
      DEF_OPT="$3"
      shift 3
      L_OPTS="$*"
      PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_nonumber_mount_opts $OPT $L_OPTS)"
      PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_nonumber_mount_opts no$OPT $PARSEDOPTS1)"
      # Watch for a default atime in fstab
      FSTAB_OPTS="$(awk '$1 == "'$L_DEV'" { print $4 }' /etc/fstab)"
      if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "$OPT" > /dev/null ; then
              # option specified in fstab: extract the value and use it
              if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "no$OPT" > /dev/null ; then
                      echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,no$OPT"
              else
                      # no$OPT not found -- so we must have $OPT.
                      echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT"
              fi
      else
              # option not specified in fstab -- choose the default.
              echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$DEF_OPT"
      fi
}

# Find out the state of a numbered option (e.g. "commit=NNN") in
# fstab for a given filesystem, and use this state to replace the
# value of the option in another mount options string. The device
# is the first argument, and the option name the second. The
# remainder is the mount options string in which the replacement
# must be done.
#
# Example:
# parse_mount_opts_wfstab /dev/hda1 commit defaults,commit=7
#
# If fstab contains, say, "commit=3,rw" for this filesystem, then the
# result will be "rw,commit=3".
parse_mount_opts_wfstab () {
      L_DEV="$1"
      OPT="$2"
      shift 2
      L_OPTS="$*"
      PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_mount_opts $OPT $L_OPTS)"
      # Watch for a default commit in fstab
      FSTAB_OPTS="$(awk '$1 == "'$L_DEV'" { print $4 }' /etc/fstab)"
      if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "$OPT=" > /dev/null ; then
              # option specified in fstab: extract the value, and use it
              echo -n "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT="
              echo ",$FSTAB_OPTS," | sed \
               -e 's/.*,'"$OPT"'=//'  \
               -e 's/,.*//'
      else
              # option not specified in fstab: set it to 0
              echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT=0"
      fi
}

deduce_fstype () {
      MP="$1"
      # My root filesystem unfortunately has
      # type "unknown" in /etc/mtab. If we encounter
      # "unknown", we try to get the type from fstab.
      cat /etc/fstab |
      grep -v '^#' |
      while read FSTAB_DEV FSTAB_MP FSTAB_FST FSTAB_OPTS FSTAB_DUMP FSTAB_DUMP ; do
              if [ "$FSTAB_MP" = "$MP" ]; then
                      echo $FSTAB_FST
                      exit 0
              fi
      done
}

if [ $DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME -eq 1 ] ; then
      NOATIME_OPT=",noatime"
fi

case "$1" in
      start)
              AGE=$((100*$MAX_AGE))
              XFS_AGE=$(($XFS_HZ*$MAX_AGE))
              echo -n "Starting laptop_mode"

              if [ -d /proc/sys/vm/pagebuf ] ; then
                      # (For 2.4 and early 2.6.)
                      # This only needs to be set, not reset -- it is only used when
                      # laptop mode is enabled.
                      echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/vm/pagebuf/lm_flush_age
                      echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_sync_interval
              elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer ] ; then
                      # (A couple of early 2.6 laptop mode patches had these.)
                      # The same goes for these.
                      echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer
                      echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_sync_interval
              elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer ] ; then
                      # (2.6.6)
                      # But not for these -- they are also used in normal
                      # operation.
                      echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer
                      echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/sync_interval
              elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs ] ; then
                      # (2.6.7 upwards)
                      # And not for these either. These are in centisecs,
                      # not USER_HZ, so we have to use $AGE, not $XFS_AGE.
                      echo $AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs
                      echo $AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfssyncd_centisecs
                      echo 3000 > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfsbufd_centisecs
              fi

              case "$KLEVEL" in
                      "2.4")
                              echo 1                                  > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
                              echo "30 500 0 0 $AGE $AGE 60 20 0"     > /proc/sys/vm/bdflush
                              ;;
                      "2.6")
                              echo 5                                  > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
                              echo "$AGE"                             > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs
                              echo "$AGE"                             > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs
                              echo "$DIRTY_RATIO"                     > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio
                              echo "$DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO"          > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
                              ;;
              esac
              if [ $DO_REMOUNTS -eq 1 ]; then
                      cat /etc/mtab | while read DEV MP FST OPTS DUMP PASS ; do
                              PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts "$OPTS")"
                              if [ "$FST" = 'unknown' ]; then
                                      FST=$(deduce_fstype $MP)
                              fi
                              case "$FST" in
                                      "ext3"|"reiserfs")
                                              PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts commit "$OPTS")"
                                              mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS,commit=$MAX_AGE$NOATIME_OPT
                                              ;;
                                      "xfs")
                                              mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$OPTS$NOATIME_OPT
                                              ;;
                              esac
                              if [ -b $DEV ] ; then
                                      blockdev --setra $(($READAHEAD * 2)) $DEV
                              fi
                      done
              fi
              if [ $DO_HD -eq 1 ] ; then
                      for THISHD in $HD ; do
                              /sbin/hdparm -S $BATT_HD $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
                              /sbin/hdparm -B 1 $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
                      done
              fi
              if [ $DO_CPU -eq 1 -a -e /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq ]; then
                      if [ $CPU_MAXFREQ = 'slowest' ]; then
                              CPU_MAXFREQ=`cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq`
                      fi
                      echo $CPU_MAXFREQ > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq
              fi
              echo "."
              ;;
      stop)
              U_AGE=$((100*$DEF_UPDATE))
              B_AGE=$((100*$DEF_AGE))
              echo -n "Stopping laptop_mode"
              echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
              if [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer -a ! -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer ] ; then
                      # These need to be restored, if there are no lm_*.
                      echo $(($XFS_HZ*$DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER))           > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer
                      echo $(($XFS_HZ*$DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL))        > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/sync_interval
              elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs ] ; then
                      # These need to be restored as well.
                      echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER))       > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs
                      echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL))    > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfssyncd_centisecs
                      echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL))    > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfsbufd_centisecs
              fi
              case "$KLEVEL" in
                      "2.4")
                              echo "30 500 0 0 $U_AGE $B_AGE 60 20 0" > /proc/sys/vm/bdflush
                              ;;
                      "2.6")
                              echo "$U_AGE"                           > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs
                              echo "$B_AGE"                           > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs
                              echo "$DEF_DIRTY_RATIO"                 > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio
                              echo "$DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO"      > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
                              ;;
              esac
              if [ $DO_REMOUNTS -eq 1 ] ; then
                      cat /etc/mtab | while read DEV MP FST OPTS DUMP PASS ; do
                              # Reset commit and atime options to defaults.
                              if [ "$FST" = 'unknown' ]; then
                                      FST=$(deduce_fstype $MP)
                              fi
                              case "$FST" in
                                      "ext3"|"reiserfs")
                                              PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts_wfstab $DEV commit $OPTS)"
                                              PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_yesno_opts_wfstab $DEV atime atime $PARSEDOPTS)"
                                              mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS
                                              ;;
                                      "xfs")
                                              PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_yesno_opts_wfstab $DEV atime atime $OPTS)"
                                              mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS
                                              ;;
                              esac
                              if [ -b $DEV ] ; then
                                      blockdev --setra 256 $DEV
                              fi
                      done
              fi
              if [ $DO_HD -eq 1 ] ; then
                      for THISHD in $HD ; do
                              /sbin/hdparm -S $AC_HD $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
                              /sbin/hdparm -B 255 $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
                      done
              fi
              if [ $DO_CPU -eq 1 -a -e /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq ]; then
                      echo `cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_max_freq` > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq
              fi
              echo "."
              ;;
      *)
              echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}" 2>&1
              exit 1
              ;;

esac

exit 0”…””•í!      }”hj0  sbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”j(  j)  uh1jë  hŸh¶h M9hj  hžhubeh}”(h]”Œcontrol-script”ah ]”h"]”Œcontrol script”ah$]”h&]”uh1h¡hh£hžhhŸh¶h M2ubh¢)”}”(hhh]”(h§)”}”(hŒACPI integration”h]”hŒACPI integration”…””}”(hjI  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h¦hjF  hžhhŸh¶h M¯ubh¸)”}”(hŒÒDax Kelson submitted this so that the ACPI acpid daemon will
kick off the laptop_mode script and run hdparm. The part that
automatically disables laptop mode when the battery is low was
written by Jan Topinski.”h]”hŒÒDax Kelson submitted this so that the ACPI acpid daemon will
kick off the laptop_mode script and run hdparm. The part that
automatically disables laptop mode when the battery is low was
written by Jan Topinski.”…””}”(hjW  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h M±hjF  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒ/etc/acpi/events/ac_adapter::”h]”hŒ/etc/acpi/events/ac_adapter:”…””}”(hje  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h M¶hjF  hžhubjì  )”}”(hŒ2event=ac_adapter
action=/etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh %e”h]”hŒ2event=ac_adapter
action=/etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh %e”…””}”hjs  sbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”j(  j)  uh1jë  hŸh¶h M¸hjF  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒ/etc/acpi/events/battery::”h]”hŒ/etc/acpi/events/battery:”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h M»hjF  hžhubjì  )”}”(hŒ6event=battery.*
action=/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh %e”h]”hŒ6event=battery.*
action=/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh %e”…””}”hj  sbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”j(  j)  uh1jë  hŸh¶h M½hjF  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒ/etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh::”h]”hŒ/etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh:”…””}”(hj  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h MÀhjF  hžhubjì  )”}”(hXA  #!/bin/bash

# ac on/offline event handler

status=`awk '/^state: / { print $2 }' /proc/acpi/ac_adapter/$2/state`

case $status in
        "on-line")
                /sbin/laptop_mode stop
                exit 0
        ;;
        "off-line")
                /sbin/laptop_mode start
                exit 0
        ;;
esac”h]”hXA  #!/bin/bash

# ac on/offline event handler

status=`awk '/^state: / { print $2 }' /proc/acpi/ac_adapter/$2/state`

case $status in
        "on-line")
                /sbin/laptop_mode stop
                exit 0
        ;;
        "off-line")
                /sbin/laptop_mode start
                exit 0
        ;;
esac”…””}”hj«  sbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”j(  j)  uh1jë  hŸh¶h MÂhjF  hžhubh¸)”}”(hŒ/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh::”h]”hŒ/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh:”…””}”(hj¹  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h MÔhjF  hžhubjì  )”}”(hXŸ  #! /bin/bash

# Automatically disable laptop mode when the battery almost runs out.

BATT_INFO=/proc/acpi/battery/$2/state

if [[ -f /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ]]
then
   LM=`cat /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode`
   if [[ $LM -gt 0 ]]
   then
     if [[ -f $BATT_INFO ]]
     then
        # Source the config file only now that we know we need
        if [ -f /etc/default/laptop-mode ] ; then
                # Debian
                . /etc/default/laptop-mode
        elif [ -f /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode ] ; then
                # Others
                . /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode
        fi
        MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES=${MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES:-'10'}

        ACTION="`cat $BATT_INFO | grep charging | cut -c 26-`"
        if [[ ACTION -eq "discharging" ]]
        then
           PRESENT_RATE=`cat $BATT_INFO | grep "present rate:" | sed  "s/.* \([0-9][0-9]* \).*/\1/" `
           REMAINING=`cat $BATT_INFO | grep "remaining capacity:" | sed  "s/.* \([0-9][0-9]* \).*/\1/" `
        fi
        if (($REMAINING * 60 / $PRESENT_RATE < $MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES))
        then
           /sbin/laptop_mode stop
        fi
     else
       logger -p daemon.warning "You are using laptop mode and your battery interface $BATT_INFO is missing. This may lead to loss of data when the battery runs out. Check kernel ACPI support and /proc/acpi/battery folder, and edit /etc/acpi/battery.sh to set BATT_INFO to the correct path."
     fi
   fi
fi”h]”hXŸ  #! /bin/bash

# Automatically disable laptop mode when the battery almost runs out.

BATT_INFO=/proc/acpi/battery/$2/state

if [[ -f /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ]]
then
   LM=`cat /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode`
   if [[ $LM -gt 0 ]]
   then
     if [[ -f $BATT_INFO ]]
     then
        # Source the config file only now that we know we need
        if [ -f /etc/default/laptop-mode ] ; then
                # Debian
                . /etc/default/laptop-mode
        elif [ -f /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode ] ; then
                # Others
                . /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode
        fi
        MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES=${MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES:-'10'}

        ACTION="`cat $BATT_INFO | grep charging | cut -c 26-`"
        if [[ ACTION -eq "discharging" ]]
        then
           PRESENT_RATE=`cat $BATT_INFO | grep "present rate:" | sed  "s/.* \([0-9][0-9]* \).*/\1/" `
           REMAINING=`cat $BATT_INFO | grep "remaining capacity:" | sed  "s/.* \([0-9][0-9]* \).*/\1/" `
        fi
        if (($REMAINING * 60 / $PRESENT_RATE < $MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES))
        then
           /sbin/laptop_mode stop
        fi
     else
       logger -p daemon.warning "You are using laptop mode and your battery interface $BATT_INFO is missing. This may lead to loss of data when the battery runs out. Check kernel ACPI support and /proc/acpi/battery folder, and edit /etc/acpi/battery.sh to set BATT_INFO to the correct path."
     fi
   fi
fi”…””}”hjÇ  sbah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”j(  j)  uh1jë  hŸh¶h MÖhjF  hžhubeh}”(h]”Œacpi-integration”ah ]”h"]”Œacpi integration”ah$]”h&]”uh1h¡hh£hžhhŸh¶h M¯ubh¢)”}”(hhh]”(h§)”}”(hŒMonitoring tool”h]”hŒMonitoring tool”…””}”(hjà  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h¦hjÝ  hžhhŸh¶h Mÿubh¸)”}”(hŒBartek Kania submitted this, it can be used to measure how much time your disk
spends spun up/down.  See tools/laptop/dslm/dslm.c”h]”hŒBartek Kania submitted this, it can be used to measure how much time your disk
spends spun up/down.  See tools/laptop/dslm/dslm.c”…””}”(hjî  hžhhŸNh Nubah}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”uh1h·hŸh¶h MhjÝ  hžhubeh}”(h]”Œmonitoring-tool”ah ]”h"]”Œmonitoring tool”ah$]”h&]”uh1h¡hh£hžhhŸh¶h Mÿubeh}”(h]”Œ/how-to-conserve-battery-power-using-laptop-mode”ah ]”h"]”Œ/how to conserve battery power using laptop-mode”ah$]”h&]”uh1h¡hhhžhhŸh¶h Kubeh}”(h]”h ]”h"]”h$]”h&]”Œsource”h¶uh1hŒcurrent_source”NŒcurrent_line”NŒsettings”Œdocutils.frontend”ŒValues”“”)”}”(h¦NŒ	generator”NŒ	datestamp”NŒsource_link”NŒ
source_url”NŒtoc_backlinks”Œentry”Œfootnote_backlinks”KŒsectnum_xform”KŒstrip_comments”NŒstrip_elements_with_classes”NŒstrip_classes”NŒreport_level”KŒ
halt_level”KŒexit_status_level”KŒdebug”NŒwarning_stream”NŒ	traceback”ˆŒinput_encoding”Œ	utf-8-sig”Œinput_encoding_error_handler”Œstrict”Œoutput_encoding”Œutf-8”Œoutput_encoding_error_handler”j/  Œerror_encoding”Œutf-8”Œerror_encoding_error_handler”Œbackslashreplace”Œlanguage_code”Œen”Œrecord_dependencies”NŒconfig”NŒ	id_prefix”hŒauto_id_prefix”Œid”Œdump_settings”NŒdump_internals”NŒdump_transforms”NŒdump_pseudo_xml”NŒexpose_internals”NŒstrict_visitor”NŒ_disable_config”NŒ_source”h¶Œ_destination”NŒ_config_files”]”Œ7/var/lib/git/docbuild/linux/Documentation/docutils.conf”aŒfile_insertion_enabled”ˆŒraw_enabled”KŒline_length_limit”M'Œpep_references”NŒpep_base_url”Œhttps://peps.python.org/”Œpep_file_url_template”Œpep-%04d”Œrfc_references”NŒrfc_base_url”Œ&https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/”Œ	tab_width”KŒtrim_footnote_reference_space”‰Œsyntax_highlight”Œlong”Œsmart_quotes”ˆŒsmartquotes_locales”]”Œcharacter_level_inline_markup”‰Œdoctitle_xform”‰Œdocinfo_xform”KŒsectsubtitle_xform”‰Œimage_loading”Œlink”Œembed_stylesheet”‰Œcloak_email_addresses”ˆŒsection_self_link”‰Œenv”NubŒreporter”NŒindirect_targets”]”Œsubstitution_defs”}”Œsubstitution_names”}”Œrefnames”}”Œrefids”}”Œnameids”}”(j	  j  j/  j,  j–  j“  j6  j3  jk  jh  jÔ  jÑ  j­  jª  j   jý  jC  j@  jÚ  j×  j  jþ  uŒ	nametypes”}”(j	  ‰j/  ‰j–  ‰j6  ‰jk  ‰jÔ  ‰j­  ‰j   ‰jC  ‰jÚ  ‰j  ‰uh}”(j  h£j,  hùj“  j2  j3  j™  jh  j9  jÑ  jn  jª  j×  jý  j°  j@  j  j×  jF  jþ  jÝ  uŒfootnote_refs”}”Œcitation_refs”}”Œautofootnotes”]”Œautofootnote_refs”]”Œsymbol_footnotes”]”Œsymbol_footnote_refs”]”Œ	footnotes”]”Œ	citations”]”Œautofootnote_start”KŒsymbol_footnote_start”K Œ
id_counter”Œcollections”ŒCounter”“”}”…”R”Œparse_messages”]”Œtransform_messages”]”Œtransformer”NŒinclude_log”]”Œ
decoration”Nhžhub.