From 3f7fc9f506b323b63ceb959d378726f6eeb8f79e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Junio C Hamano Date: Tue, 13 Feb 2024 17:33:13 -0800 Subject: Autogenerated HTML docs for v2.44.0-rc1 --- MyFirstContribution.html | 2 +- MyFirstObjectWalk.html | 2 +- RelNotes/2.43.2.txt | 37 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ RelNotes/2.44.0.txt | 31 ++++++++++------------- ReviewingGuidelines.html | 2 +- SubmittingPatches.html | 4 +-- ToolsForGit.html | 2 +- everyday.html | 2 +- git-bisect-lk2009.html | 2 +- git-remote-helpers.html | 2 +- git-tools.html | 2 +- howto-index.html | 4 +-- howto/coordinate-embargoed-releases.html | 2 +- howto/keep-canonical-history-correct.html | 4 +-- howto/maintain-git.html | 4 +-- howto/new-command.html | 4 +-- howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.html | 4 +-- howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.html | 4 +-- howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.html | 4 +-- howto/recover-corrupted-object-harder.html | 4 +-- howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html | 4 +-- howto/revert-branch-rebase.html | 4 +-- howto/separating-topic-branches.html | 4 +-- howto/setup-git-server-over-http.html | 4 +-- howto/update-hook-example.html | 4 +-- howto/use-git-daemon.html | 4 +-- howto/using-merge-subtree.html | 4 +-- howto/using-signed-tag-in-pull-request.html | 4 +-- technical/api-error-handling.html | 2 +- technical/api-index.html | 4 +-- technical/api-merge.html | 2 +- technical/api-parse-options.html | 2 +- technical/api-simple-ipc.html | 2 +- technical/api-trace2.html | 2 +- technical/bitmap-format.html | 2 +- technical/bundle-uri.html | 2 +- technical/hash-function-transition.html | 2 +- technical/long-running-process-protocol.html | 2 +- technical/multi-pack-index.html | 2 +- technical/pack-heuristics.html | 2 +- technical/parallel-checkout.html | 2 +- technical/partial-clone.html | 2 +- technical/racy-git.html | 2 +- technical/scalar.html | 2 +- technical/send-pack-pipeline.html | 2 +- technical/shallow.html | 2 +- technical/trivial-merge.html | 2 +- technical/unit-tests.html | 2 +- user-manual.html | 2 +- 49 files changed, 115 insertions(+), 83 deletions(-) create mode 100644 RelNotes/2.43.2.txt diff --git a/MyFirstContribution.html b/MyFirstContribution.html index aff550d44..f7acac3b8 100644 --- a/MyFirstContribution.html +++ b/MyFirstContribution.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/MyFirstObjectWalk.html b/MyFirstObjectWalk.html index e8aef0e2b..bb8113338 100644 --- a/MyFirstObjectWalk.html +++ b/MyFirstObjectWalk.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/RelNotes/2.43.2.txt b/RelNotes/2.43.2.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5895e23a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/RelNotes/2.43.2.txt @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +Git 2.43.2 Release Notes +======================== + +Relative to Git 2.43.1, this release has two important fixes to allow +"git imap-send" to be built with NO_CURL defined, and to restore the +forced flushing behaviour when GIT_FLUSH=1 is set. It also contains +other, unexciting, fixes that have already been merged to the 'master' +branch of the development towards the next major release. + +Fixes since Git 2.43.1 +---------------------- + + * Update to a new feature recently added, "git show-ref --exists". + + * Rename detection logic ignored the final line of a file if it is an + incomplete line. + + * "git diff --no-rename A B" did not disable rename detection but did + not trigger an error from the command line parser. + + * "git diff --no-index file1 file2" segfaulted while invoking the + external diff driver, which has been corrected. + + * Rewrite //-comments to /* comments */ in files whose comments + prevalently use the latter. + + * A failed "git tag -s" did not necessarily result in an error + depending on the crypto backend, which has been corrected. + + * "git stash" sometimes was silent even when it failed due to + unwritable index file, which has been corrected. + + * Recent conversion to allow more than 0/1 in GIT_FLUSH broke the + mechanism by flipping what yes/no means by mistake, which has been + corrected. + +Also contains documentation updates, code clean-ups and minor fixups. diff --git a/RelNotes/2.44.0.txt b/RelNotes/2.44.0.txt index bf8a9524a..30dbdcf8e 100644 --- a/RelNotes/2.44.0.txt +++ b/RelNotes/2.44.0.txt @@ -162,6 +162,15 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. * Setting `feature.experimental` opts the user into multi-pack reuse experiment + * Squelch node.js 16 deprecation warnings from GitHub Actions CI + by updating actions/github-script and actions/checkout that use + node.js 20. + + * The mechanism to report the filename in the source code, used by + the unit-test machinery, assumed that the compiler expanded __FILE__ + to the path to the source given to the $(CC), but some compilers + give full path, breaking the output. This has been corrected. + Fixes since v2.43 ----------------- @@ -245,21 +254,18 @@ Fixes since v2.43 data from commit-graph too early, which has been corrected. * Update to a new feature recently added, "git show-ref --exists". - (merge 0aabeaa562 tc/show-ref-exists-fix later to maint). * oss-fuzz tests are built and run in CI. (merge c4a9cf1df3 js/oss-fuzz-build-in-ci later to maint). * Rename detection logic ignored the final line of a file if it is an incomplete line. - (merge 1c5bc6971e en/diffcore-delta-final-line-fix later to maint). * GitHub CI update. (merge 0188b2c8e0 pb/ci-github-skip-logs-for-broken-tests later to maint). * "git diff --no-rename A B" did not disable rename detection but did not trigger an error from the command line parser. - (merge 457f96252f rs/parse-options-with-keep-unknown-abbrev-fix later to maint). * "git archive --remote=" learned to talk over the smart http (aka stateless) transport. @@ -276,11 +282,9 @@ Fixes since v2.43 * "git diff --no-index file1 file2" segfaulted while invoking the external diff driver, which has been corrected. - (merge 85a9a63c92 jk/diff-external-with-no-index later to maint). * Rewrite //-comments to /* comments */ in files whose comments prevalently use the latter. - (merge de65079d7b jc/comment-style-fixes later to maint). * Cirrus CI jobs started breaking because we specified version of FreeBSD that is no longer available, which has been corrected. @@ -292,28 +296,19 @@ Fixes since v2.43 * A failed "git tag -s" did not necessarily result in an error depending on the crypto backend, which has been corrected. - (merge 6931049c32 jc/sign-buffer-failure-propagation-fix later to maint). * "git stash" sometimes was silent even when it failed due to unwritable index file, which has been corrected. - (merge d2058cb2f0 ps/report-failure-from-git-stash later to maint). * "git show-ref --verify" did not show things like "CHERRY_PICK_HEAD", which has been corrected. + * Recent conversion to allow more than 0/1 in GIT_FLUSH broke the + mechanism by flipping what yes/no means by mistake, which has been + corrected. + * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc. (merge 5aea3955bc rj/clarify-branch-doc-m later to maint). (merge 9cce3be2df bk/bisect-doc-fix later to maint). - (merge 8f50984cf4 ne/doc-filter-blob-limit-fix later to maint). - (merge f10b0989b8 la/strvec-comment-fix later to maint). (merge 8430b438f6 vd/fsck-submodule-url-test later to maint). - (merge f10031fadd nb/rebase-x-shell-docfix later to maint). - (merge af3d2c160f jc/majordomo-to-subspace later to maint). - (merge ee9895b0ff sd/negotiate-trace-fix later to maint). - (merge 976d0251ce jc/coc-whitespace-fix later to maint). - (merge 9023198280 jt/p4-spell-re-with-raw-string later to maint). - (merge 36c9c44fa4 tb/pack-bitmap-drop-unused-struct-member later to maint). - (merge 19ed0dff8f js/win32-retry-pipe-write-on-enospc later to maint). (merge 3cb4384683 jc/t0091-with-unknown-git later to maint). - (merge 841dbd40a3 jc/bisect-doc later to maint). - (merge 78307f1a89 pb/template-for-single-commit-pr later to maint). diff --git a/ReviewingGuidelines.html b/ReviewingGuidelines.html index 6080f386f..d3da8cea7 100644 --- a/ReviewingGuidelines.html +++ b/ReviewingGuidelines.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/SubmittingPatches.html b/SubmittingPatches.html index cfa981668..1530fdadb 100644 --- a/SubmittingPatches.html +++ b/SubmittingPatches.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -1546,7 +1546,7 @@ this problem around.

diff --git a/ToolsForGit.html b/ToolsForGit.html index aafac3864..e79c098be 100644 --- a/ToolsForGit.html +++ b/ToolsForGit.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/everyday.html b/everyday.html index dbb93920f..2c7f16a80 100644 --- a/everyday.html +++ b/everyday.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/git-bisect-lk2009.html b/git-bisect-lk2009.html index ea0dc17ac..823cd8951 100644 --- a/git-bisect-lk2009.html +++ b/git-bisect-lk2009.html @@ -737,7 +737,7 @@ asciidoc.install();

Fighting regressions with git bisect

Christian Couder
<chriscool@tuxfamily.org>
-2024-02-08 +2024-02-13
diff --git a/git-remote-helpers.html b/git-remote-helpers.html index ab705c782..3a8d58a5a 100644 --- a/git-remote-helpers.html +++ b/git-remote-helpers.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/git-tools.html b/git-tools.html index d4cf73c58..5263079bd 100644 --- a/git-tools.html +++ b/git-tools.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/howto-index.html b/howto-index.html index 1c660a08e..b7432db6a 100644 --- a/howto-index.html +++ b/howto-index.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -896,7 +896,7 @@ later validate it.

diff --git a/howto/coordinate-embargoed-releases.html b/howto/coordinate-embargoed-releases.html index c2e8659e3..76a115fc0 100644 --- a/howto/coordinate-embargoed-releases.html +++ b/howto/coordinate-embargoed-releases.html @@ -1038,7 +1038,7 @@ Thanks, diff --git a/howto/keep-canonical-history-correct.html b/howto/keep-canonical-history-correct.html index d0a3688c3..916db8b41 100644 --- a/howto/keep-canonical-history-correct.html +++ b/howto/keep-canonical-history-correct.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -939,7 +939,7 @@ tip of your master again and redo the two merges:

diff --git a/howto/maintain-git.html b/howto/maintain-git.html index 85df96133..814469f41 100644 --- a/howto/maintain-git.html +++ b/howto/maintain-git.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -1479,7 +1479,7 @@ $ git update-ref -d $mf/ai/topic diff --git a/howto/new-command.html b/howto/new-command.html index bc32559fe..81966e445 100644 --- a/howto/new-command.html +++ b/howto/new-command.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -864,7 +864,7 @@ letter [PATCH 0/n]. diff --git a/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.html b/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.html index 72580ad92..73457c040 100644 --- a/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.html +++ b/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -896,7 +896,7 @@ the #1' commit.

diff --git a/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.html b/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.html index 6dc9321ef..eb19d3f88 100644 --- a/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.html +++ b/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -848,7 +848,7 @@ This is still crude and does not protect against simultaneous diff --git a/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.html b/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.html index f577659fa..e93c9d863 100644 --- a/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.html +++ b/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -881,7 +881,7 @@ thing.

diff --git a/howto/recover-corrupted-object-harder.html b/howto/recover-corrupted-object-harder.html index 433f07680..a4ab01a4f 100644 --- a/howto/recover-corrupted-object-harder.html +++ b/howto/recover-corrupted-object-harder.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -1190,7 +1190,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) diff --git a/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html b/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html index 069021538..e6d26ccb6 100644 --- a/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html +++ b/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -1026,7 +1026,7 @@ P---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---M2 diff --git a/howto/revert-branch-rebase.html b/howto/revert-branch-rebase.html index 19638e291..7c93b86a2 100644 --- a/howto/revert-branch-rebase.html +++ b/howto/revert-branch-rebase.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -908,7 +908,7 @@ Committed merge 7fb9b7262a1d1e0a47bbfdcbbcf50ce0635d3f8f diff --git a/howto/separating-topic-branches.html b/howto/separating-topic-branches.html index dffce4750..a89fcd221 100644 --- a/howto/separating-topic-branches.html +++ b/howto/separating-topic-branches.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -842,7 +842,7 @@ o---o"master" diff --git a/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.html b/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.html index f05fa1c2b..fd1bc6bba 100644 --- a/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.html +++ b/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -1072,7 +1072,7 @@ help diagnosing the problem, but removes security checks.

diff --git a/howto/update-hook-example.html b/howto/update-hook-example.html index f91f36f6b..0a3fd5d53 100644 --- a/howto/update-hook-example.html +++ b/howto/update-hook-example.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -931,7 +931,7 @@ that JC can make non-fast-forward pushes on it.

diff --git a/howto/use-git-daemon.html b/howto/use-git-daemon.html index 0cc269cb4..d0e0cd248 100644 --- a/howto/use-git-daemon.html +++ b/howto/use-git-daemon.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -792,7 +792,7 @@ a good practice to put the paths after a "--" separator.

diff --git a/howto/using-merge-subtree.html b/howto/using-merge-subtree.html index 465e607eb..630efd254 100644 --- a/howto/using-merge-subtree.html +++ b/howto/using-merge-subtree.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -849,7 +849,7 @@ Please note that if the other project merges from you, then it will diff --git a/howto/using-signed-tag-in-pull-request.html b/howto/using-signed-tag-in-pull-request.html index caa02766f..2db6b5ce7 100644 --- a/howto/using-signed-tag-in-pull-request.html +++ b/howto/using-signed-tag-in-pull-request.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -953,7 +953,7 @@ as part of the merge commit.

diff --git a/technical/api-error-handling.html b/technical/api-error-handling.html index f5b81d99e..27a335986 100644 --- a/technical/api-error-handling.html +++ b/technical/api-error-handling.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/api-index.html b/technical/api-index.html index ffb613bac..2ca848c5f 100644 --- a/technical/api-index.html +++ b/technical/api-index.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
@@ -776,7 +776,7 @@ documents them.

diff --git a/technical/api-merge.html b/technical/api-merge.html index c24e78984..66e977793 100644 --- a/technical/api-merge.html +++ b/technical/api-merge.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/api-parse-options.html b/technical/api-parse-options.html index e9b26c4c5..bf68cd89f 100644 --- a/technical/api-parse-options.html +++ b/technical/api-parse-options.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/api-simple-ipc.html b/technical/api-simple-ipc.html index f589941e7..bfff477fe 100644 --- a/technical/api-simple-ipc.html +++ b/technical/api-simple-ipc.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/api-trace2.html b/technical/api-trace2.html index 9eb08be3a..a38c78fc2 100644 --- a/technical/api-trace2.html +++ b/technical/api-trace2.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/bitmap-format.html b/technical/bitmap-format.html index c4886945b..648130a27 100644 --- a/technical/bitmap-format.html +++ b/technical/bitmap-format.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/bundle-uri.html b/technical/bundle-uri.html index a37d6ec6f..e438b3fdb 100644 --- a/technical/bundle-uri.html +++ b/technical/bundle-uri.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/hash-function-transition.html b/technical/hash-function-transition.html index 82f1ee68b..3c71e9b6b 100644 --- a/technical/hash-function-transition.html +++ b/technical/hash-function-transition.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/long-running-process-protocol.html b/technical/long-running-process-protocol.html index 4b108746c..da5a95c38 100644 --- a/technical/long-running-process-protocol.html +++ b/technical/long-running-process-protocol.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/multi-pack-index.html b/technical/multi-pack-index.html index 3d1ee351e..b0843fcef 100644 --- a/technical/multi-pack-index.html +++ b/technical/multi-pack-index.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/pack-heuristics.html b/technical/pack-heuristics.html index 04a260cb2..fadeb0c04 100644 --- a/technical/pack-heuristics.html +++ b/technical/pack-heuristics.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/parallel-checkout.html b/technical/parallel-checkout.html index 308cd55d6..948bcd71a 100644 --- a/technical/parallel-checkout.html +++ b/technical/parallel-checkout.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/partial-clone.html b/technical/partial-clone.html index 43cfff18d..e7ded39b2 100644 --- a/technical/partial-clone.html +++ b/technical/partial-clone.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/racy-git.html b/technical/racy-git.html index 99fa507c1..fb1393dc3 100644 --- a/technical/racy-git.html +++ b/technical/racy-git.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/scalar.html b/technical/scalar.html index a9fa24347..1a50329d8 100644 --- a/technical/scalar.html +++ b/technical/scalar.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/send-pack-pipeline.html b/technical/send-pack-pipeline.html index b2af2cf0b..b071a5ec4 100644 --- a/technical/send-pack-pipeline.html +++ b/technical/send-pack-pipeline.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/shallow.html b/technical/shallow.html index 8d0432c49..1455669fd 100644 --- a/technical/shallow.html +++ b/technical/shallow.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/trivial-merge.html b/technical/trivial-merge.html index ec43c1916..abf001634 100644 --- a/technical/trivial-merge.html +++ b/technical/trivial-merge.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/technical/unit-tests.html b/technical/unit-tests.html index bb67a4e9b..d988d3ff4 100644 --- a/technical/unit-tests.html +++ b/technical/unit-tests.html @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ asciidoc.install();
diff --git a/user-manual.html b/user-manual.html index b75ee18d6..f3d308a17 100644 --- a/user-manual.html +++ b/user-manual.html @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -Git User Manual

Git User Manual

Revision History
2024-02-12

Table of Contents

Introduction
1. Repositories and Branches
How to get a Git repository
How to check out a different version of a project
Understanding History: Commits
Understanding history: commits, parents, and reachability
Understanding history: History diagrams
Understanding history: What is a branch?
Manipulating branches
Examining an old version without creating a new branch
Examining branches from a remote repository
Naming branches, tags, and other references
Updating a repository with git fetch
Fetching branches from other repositories
2. Exploring Git history
How to use bisect to find a regression
Naming commits
Creating tags
Browsing revisions
Generating diffs
Viewing old file versions
Examples
Counting the number of commits on a branch
Check whether two branches point at the same history
Find first tagged version including a given fix
Showing commits unique to a given branch
Creating a changelog and tarball for a software release
Finding commits referencing a file with given content
3. Developing with Git
Telling Git your name
Creating a new repository
How to make a commit
Creating good commit messages
Ignoring files
How to merge
Resolving a merge
Getting conflict-resolution help during a merge
Undoing a merge
Fast-forward merges
Fixing mistakes
Fixing a mistake with a new commit
Fixing a mistake by rewriting history
Checking out an old version of a file
Temporarily setting aside work in progress
Ensuring good performance
Ensuring reliability
Checking the repository for corruption
Recovering lost changes
4. Sharing development with others
Getting updates with git pull
Submitting patches to a project
Importing patches to a project
Public Git repositories
Setting up a public repository
Exporting a Git repository via the Git protocol
Exporting a git repository via HTTP
Pushing changes to a public repository
What to do when a push fails
Setting up a shared repository
Allowing web browsing of a repository
How to get a Git repository with minimal history
Examples
Maintaining topic branches for a Linux subsystem maintainer
5. Rewriting history and maintaining patch series
Creating the perfect patch series
Keeping a patch series up to date using git rebase
Rewriting a single commit
Reordering or selecting from a patch series
Using interactive rebases
Other tools
Problems with rewriting history
Why bisecting merge commits can be harder than bisecting linear history
6. Advanced branch management
Fetching individual branches
git fetch and fast-forwards
Forcing git fetch to do non-fast-forward updates
Configuring remote-tracking branches
7. Git concepts
The Object Database
Commit Object
Tree Object
Blob Object
Trust
Tag Object
How Git stores objects efficiently: pack files
Dangling objects
Recovering from repository corruption
The index
8. Submodules
Pitfalls with submodules
9. Low-level Git operations
Object access and manipulation
The Workflow
working directory → index
index → object database
object database → index
index → working directory
Tying it all together
Examining the data
Merging multiple trees
Merging multiple trees, continued
10. Hacking Git
Object storage format
A birds-eye view of Git’s source code
11. Git Glossary
Git explained
A. Git Quick Reference
Creating a new repository
Managing branches
Exploring history
Making changes
Merging
Sharing your changes
Repository maintenance
B. Notes and todo list for this manual
Todo list

Introduction

Git is a fast distributed revision control system.

This manual is designed to be readable by someone with basic UNIX +Git User Manual

Git User Manual

Revision History
2024-02-13

Table of Contents

Introduction
1. Repositories and Branches
How to get a Git repository
How to check out a different version of a project
Understanding History: Commits
Understanding history: commits, parents, and reachability
Understanding history: History diagrams
Understanding history: What is a branch?
Manipulating branches
Examining an old version without creating a new branch
Examining branches from a remote repository
Naming branches, tags, and other references
Updating a repository with git fetch
Fetching branches from other repositories
2. Exploring Git history
How to use bisect to find a regression
Naming commits
Creating tags
Browsing revisions
Generating diffs
Viewing old file versions
Examples
Counting the number of commits on a branch
Check whether two branches point at the same history
Find first tagged version including a given fix
Showing commits unique to a given branch
Creating a changelog and tarball for a software release
Finding commits referencing a file with given content
3. Developing with Git
Telling Git your name
Creating a new repository
How to make a commit
Creating good commit messages
Ignoring files
How to merge
Resolving a merge
Getting conflict-resolution help during a merge
Undoing a merge
Fast-forward merges
Fixing mistakes
Fixing a mistake with a new commit
Fixing a mistake by rewriting history
Checking out an old version of a file
Temporarily setting aside work in progress
Ensuring good performance
Ensuring reliability
Checking the repository for corruption
Recovering lost changes
4. Sharing development with others
Getting updates with git pull
Submitting patches to a project
Importing patches to a project
Public Git repositories
Setting up a public repository
Exporting a Git repository via the Git protocol
Exporting a git repository via HTTP
Pushing changes to a public repository
What to do when a push fails
Setting up a shared repository
Allowing web browsing of a repository
How to get a Git repository with minimal history
Examples
Maintaining topic branches for a Linux subsystem maintainer
5. Rewriting history and maintaining patch series
Creating the perfect patch series
Keeping a patch series up to date using git rebase
Rewriting a single commit
Reordering or selecting from a patch series
Using interactive rebases
Other tools
Problems with rewriting history
Why bisecting merge commits can be harder than bisecting linear history
6. Advanced branch management
Fetching individual branches
git fetch and fast-forwards
Forcing git fetch to do non-fast-forward updates
Configuring remote-tracking branches
7. Git concepts
The Object Database
Commit Object
Tree Object
Blob Object
Trust
Tag Object
How Git stores objects efficiently: pack files
Dangling objects
Recovering from repository corruption
The index
8. Submodules
Pitfalls with submodules
9. Low-level Git operations
Object access and manipulation
The Workflow
working directory → index
index → object database
object database → index
index → working directory
Tying it all together
Examining the data
Merging multiple trees
Merging multiple trees, continued
10. Hacking Git
Object storage format
A birds-eye view of Git’s source code
11. Git Glossary
Git explained
A. Git Quick Reference
Creating a new repository
Managing branches
Exploring history
Making changes
Merging
Sharing your changes
Repository maintenance
B. Notes and todo list for this manual
Todo list

Introduction

Git is a fast distributed revision control system.

This manual is designed to be readable by someone with basic UNIX command-line skills, but no previous knowledge of Git.

Chapter 1, Repositories and Branches and Chapter 2, Exploring Git history explain how to fetch and study a project using git—read these chapters to learn how to build and test a particular version of a software project, search for -- cgit 1.2.3-korg