NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | ERRORS | VERSIONS | NOTES | BUGS | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON
DDP(7) Linux Programmer's Manual DDP(7)
ddp - Linux AppleTalk protocol implementation
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netatalk/at.h>
ddp_socket = socket(AF_APPLETALK, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
raw_socket = socket(AF_APPLETALK, SOCK_RAW, protocol);
Linux implements the Appletalk protocols described in Inside Appletalk. Only
the DDP layer and AARP are present in the kernel. They are designed to be
used via the netatalk protocol libraries. This page documents the interface
for those who wish or need to use the DDP layer directly.
The communication between Appletalk and the user program works using a BSD-
compatible socket interface. For more information on sockets, see socket(7).
An AppleTalk socket is created by calling the socket(2) function with a
AF_APPLETALK socket family argument. Valid socket types are SOCK_DGRAM to
open a ddp socket or SOCK_RAW to open a raw socket. protocol is the Appletalk
protocol to be received or sent. For SOCK_RAW you must specify ATPROTO_DDP.
Raw sockets may be only opened by a process with effective user ID 0 or when
the process has the CAP_NET_RAW capability.
An Appletalk socket address is defined as a combination of a network number, a
node number, and a port number.
struct at_addr {
unsigned short s_net;
unsigned char s_node;
};
struct sockaddr_atalk {
sa_family_t sat_family; /* address family */
unsigned char sat_port; /* port */
struct at_addr sat_addr; /* net/node */
};
sat_family is always set to AF_APPLETALK. sat_port contains the port. The
port numbers below 129 are known as reserved ports. Only processes with the
effective user ID 0 or the CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE capability may bind(2) to
these sockets. sat_addr is the host address. The net member of struct
at_addr contains the host network in network byte order. The value of
AT_ANYNET is a wildcard and also implies "this network." The node member of
struct at_addr contains the host node number. The value of AT_ANYNODE is a
wildcard and also implies "this node." The value of ATADDR_BCAST is a link
local broadcast address.
No protocol-specific socket options are supported.
IP supports a set of /proc interfaces to configure some global AppleTalk
parameters. The parameters can be accessed by reading or writing files in the
directory /proc/sys/net/atalk/.
aarp-expiry-time
The time interval (in seconds) before an AARP cache entry expires.
aarp-resolve-time
The time interval (in seconds) before an AARP cache entry is resolved.
aarp-retransmit-limit
The number of retransmissions of an AARP query before the node is
declared dead.
aarp-tick-time
The timer rate (in seconds) for the timer driving AARP.
The default values match the specification and should never need to be
changed.
All ioctls described in socket(7) apply to DDP.
EACCES The user tried to execute an operation without the necessary
permissions. These include sending to a broadcast address without
having the broadcast flag set, and trying to bind to a reserved port
without effective user ID 0 or CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE.
EADDRINUSE
Tried to bind to an address already in use.
EADDRNOTAVAIL
A nonexistent interface was requested or the requested source address
was not local.
EAGAIN Operation on a non-blocking socket would block.
EALREADY
A connection operation on a non-blocking socket is already in progress.
ECONNABORTED
A connection was closed during an accept(2).
EHOSTUNREACH
No routing table entry matches the destination address.
EINVAL Invalid argument passed.
EISCONN
connect(2) was called on an already connected socket.
EMSGSIZE
Datagram is bigger than the DDP MTU.
ENODEV Network device not available or not capable of sending IP.
ENOENT SIOCGSTAMP was called on a socket where no packet arrived.
ENOMEM and ENOBUFS
Not enough memory available.
ENOPKG A kernel subsystem was not configured.
ENOPROTOOPT and EOPNOTSUPP
Invalid socket option passed.
ENOTCONN
The operation is only defined on a connected socket, but the socket
wasn't connected.
EPERM User doesn't have permission to set high priority, make a configuration
change, or send signals to the requested process or group,
EPIPE The connection was unexpectedly closed or shut down by the other end.
ESOCKTNOSUPPORT
The socket was unconfigured, or an unknown socket type was requested.
Appletalk is supported by Linux 2.0 or higher. The /proc interfaces exist
since Linux 2.2.
Be very careful with the SO_BROADCAST option - it is not privileged in Linux.
It is easy to overload the network with careless sending to broadcast
addresses.
The basic AppleTalk socket interface is compatible with netatalk on BSD-
derived systems. Many BSD systems fail to check SO_BROADCAST when sending
broadcast frames; this can lead to compatibility problems.
The raw socket mode is unique to Linux and exists to support the alternative
CAP package and AppleTalk monitoring tools more easily.
There are too many inconsistent error values.
The ioctls used to configure routing tables, devices, AARP tables and other
devices are not yet described.
recvmsg(2), sendmsg(2), capabilities(7), socket(7)
This page is part of release 3.23 of the Linux man-pages project. A
description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can be found
at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
Linux 2008-11-20 DDP(7)