NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | RETURN VALUE | CONFORMING TO | NOTES | EXAMPLE | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON
GETSUBOPT(3) Linux Programmer's Manual GETSUBOPT(3)
getsubopt - parse suboption arguments from a string
#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500
#include <stdlib.h>
int getsubopt(char **optionp, char * const *tokens, char **valuep);
getsubopt() parses the list of comma-separated suboptions provided in optionp.
(Such a suboption list is typically produced when getopt(3) is used to parse a
command line; see for example the -o option of mount(8).) Each suboption may
include an associated value, which is separated from the suboption name by an
equal sign. The following is an example of the kind of string that might be
passed in optionp:
ro,name=xyz
The tokens argument is a pointer to a NULL-terminated list of the tokens that
getsubopt() will look for in optionp. The tokens should be distinct, null-
terminated strings containing at least one character, with no embedded equal
signs or commas.
Each call to getsubopt() returns information about the next unprocessed
suboption in optionp. The first equal sign in a suboption (if any) is
interpreted as a separator between the name and the value of that suboption.
The value extends to the next comma, or (for the last suboption) to the end of
the string. If the name of the suboption matches a known name from tokens,
and a value string was found, getsubopt() sets *valuep to the address of that
string. The first comma in optionp is overwritten with a null byte, so
*valuep is precisely the "value string" for that suboption.
If the suboption is recognized, but no value string was found, *valuep is set
to NULL.
When getsubopt() returns, optionp points to the next suboption, or to the null
character at the end of the string if the last suboption was just processed.
If the first suboption in optionp is recognized, getsubopt() returns the index
of the matching suboption element in tokens. Otherwise, -1 is returned and
*valuep is the entire name[=value] string.
Since *optionp is changed, the first suboption before the call to getsubopt()
is not (necessarily) the same as the first suboption after getsubopt().
POSIX.1-2001.
Since getsubopt() overwrites any commas it finds in the string *optionp, that
string must be writable; it cannot be a string constant.
The following program expects suboptions following a "-o" option.
#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
enum {
RO_OPT = 0,
RW_OPT,
NAME_OPT
};
char *const token[] = {
[RO_OPT] = "ro",
[RW_OPT] = "rw",
[NAME_OPT] = "name",
NULL
};
char *subopts;
char *value;
int opt;
int readonly = 0;
int readwrite = 0;
char *name = NULL;
int errfnd = 0;
while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "o:")) != -1) {
switch (opt) {
case 'o':
subopts = optarg;
while (*subopts != '\0' && !errfnd) {
switch (getsubopt(&subopts, token, &value)) {
case RO_OPT:
readonly = 1;
break;
case RW_OPT:
readwrite = 1;
break;
case NAME_OPT:
if (value == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Missing value for "
"suboption '%s'\n", token[NAME_OPT]);
errfnd = 1;
continue;
}
name = value;
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "No match found "
"for token: /%s/\n", value);
errfnd = 1;
break;
}
}
if (readwrite && readonly) {
fprintf(stderr, "Only one of '%s' and '%s' can be "
"specified\n", token[RO_OPT], token[RW_OPT]);
errfnd = 1;
}
break;
default:
errfnd = 1;
}
}
if (errfnd || argc == 1) {
fprintf(stderr, "\nUsage: %s -o <suboptstring>\n", argv[0]);
fprintf(stderr, "suboptions are 'ro', 'rw', "
"and 'name=<value>'\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* Remainder of program... */
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
getopt(3), feature_test_macros(7)
This page is part of release 3.23 of the Linux man-pages project. A
description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can be found
at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
GNU 2008-05-29 GETSUBOPT(3)