NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | RETURN VALUE | ERRORS | ENVIRONMENT | CONFORMING TO | NOTES | EXAMPLE | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON
GETDATE(3) Linux Programmer's Manual GETDATE(3)
getdate, getdate_r - convert a date-plus-time string to broken-down time
#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500
#include <time.h>
struct tm *getdate(const char *string);
extern int getdate_err;
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <time.h>
int getdate_r(const char *string, struct tm *res);
The function getdate() converts a string representation of a date and time,
contained in the buffer pointed to by string, into a broken-down time. The
broken-down time is stored in a tm structure, and a pointer to this structure
is returned as the function result. This tm structure is allocated in static
storage, and consequently it will be overwritten by further calls to
getdate().
In contrast to strptime(3), (which has a format argument), getdate() uses the
formats found in the file whose full pathname is given in the environment
variable DATEMSK. The first line in the file that matches the given input
string is used for the conversion.
The matching is done case insensitively. Superfluous whitespace, either in
the pattern or in the string to be converted, is ignored.
The conversion specifications that a pattern can contain are those given for
strptime(3). One more conversion specification is specified in POSIX.1-2001:
%Z Timezone name. This is not implemented in glibc.
When %Z is given, the structure containing the broken-down time is initialized
with values corresponding to the current time in the given timezone.
Otherwise, the structure is initialized to the broken-down time corresponding
to the current local time (as by a call to localtime(3)).
When only the weekday is given, the day is taken to be the first such day on
or after today.
When only the month is given (and no year), the month is taken to be the first
such month equal to or after the current month. If no day is given, it is the
first day of the month.
When no hour, minute and second are given, the current hour, minute and second
are taken.
If no date is given, but we know the hour, then that hour is taken to be the
first such hour equal to or after the current hour.
getdate_r() is a GNU extension that provides a reentrant version of getdate().
Rather than using a global variable to report errors and a static buffer to
return the broken down time, it returns errors via the function result value,
and returns the resulting broken-down time in the caller-allocated buffer
pointed to by the argument res.
When successful, getdate() returns a pointer to a struct tm. Otherwise, it
returns NULL and sets the global variable getdate_err to one of the error
numbers shown below. Changes to errno are unspecified.
On success getdate_r() returns 0; on error it returns one of the error numbers
shown below.
The following errors are returned via getdate_err (for getdate()) or as the
function result (for getdate_r()):
1 The DATEMSK environment variable is not defined, or its value is an empty
string.
2 The template file specified by DATEMSK cannot be opened for reading.
3 Failed to get file status information.
4 The template file is not a regular file.
5 An error was encountered while reading the template file.
6 Memory allocation failed (not enough memory available).
7 There is no line in the file that matches the input.
8 Invalid input specification.
DATEMSK
File containing format patterns.
TZ, LC_TIME
Variables used by strptime(3).
POSIX.1-2001.
The POSIX.1-2001 specification for strptime(3) contains conversion
specifications using the %E or %O modifier, while such specifications are not
given for getdate(). In glibc, getdate() is implemented using strptime(3), so
that precisely the same conversions are supported by both.
The program below calls getdate() for each of its command-line arguments, and
for each call displays the values in the fields of the returned tm structure.
The following shell session demonstrates the operation of the program:
$ TFILE=$PWD/tfile
$ echo '%A' > $TFILE # Full weekday name
$ echo '%T' >> $TFILE # ISO date (YYYY-MM-DD)
$ echo '%F' >> $TFILE # Time (HH:MM:SS)
$ date
$ export DATEMSK=$TFILE
$ ./a.out Tuesday '2009-12-28' '12:22:33'
Sun Sep 7 06:03:36 CEST 2008
Call 1 ("Tuesday") succeeded:
tm_sec = 36
tm_min = 3
tm_hour = 6
tm_mday = 9
tm_mon = 8
tm_year = 108
tm_wday = 2
tm_yday = 252
tm_isdst = 1
Call 2 ("2009-12-28") succeeded:
tm_sec = 36
tm_min = 3
tm_hour = 6
tm_mday = 28
tm_mon = 11
tm_year = 109
tm_wday = 1
tm_yday = 361
tm_isdst = 0
Call 3 ("12:22:33") succeeded:
tm_sec = 33
tm_min = 22
tm_hour = 12
tm_mday = 7
tm_mon = 8
tm_year = 108
tm_wday = 0
tm_yday = 250
tm_isdst = 1
#define _GNU_SOURCE 500
#include <time.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
struct tm *tmp;
int j;
for (j = 1; j < argc; j++) {
tmp = getdate(argv[j]);
if (tmp == NULL) {
printf("Call %d failed; getdate_err = %d\n",
j, getdate_err);
continue;
}
printf("Call %d (\"%s\") succeeded:\n", j, argv[j]);
printf(" tm_sec = %d\n", tmp->tm_sec);
printf(" tm_min = %d\n", tmp->tm_min);
printf(" tm_hour = %d\n", tmp->tm_hour);
printf(" tm_mday = %d\n", tmp->tm_mday);
printf(" tm_mon = %d\n", tmp->tm_mon);
printf(" tm_year = %d\n", tmp->tm_year);
printf(" tm_wday = %d\n", tmp->tm_wday);
printf(" tm_yday = %d\n", tmp->tm_yday);
printf(" tm_isdst = %d\n", tmp->tm_isdst);
}
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
time(2), localtime(3), setlocale(3), strftime(3), strptime(3),
feature_test_macros(7)
This page is part of release 3.23 of the Linux man-pages project. A
description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can be found
at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
2008-09-07 GETDATE(3)